personality disfunctioning personality disorder
Conditions
Interventions
The study consists of four phases. The first phase is getting acquainted with
one of the group therapists. The second phase is a baseline phase, randomly
varying in length from 4 to 8 weeks. The thi
Sponsors
GGZ Breburg Groep (Rijen)
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1) age of 60 years or older; 2) willingness to participate in the study; 3) a primary diagnosis of a cluster B and/or C personality disorder according to the categorical model of the DSM-5 (assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality disorders (SCID-5-P) and according to the alternative model of personality disorders (assessed with the Personality Inventory of DSM-5 (PID-5) and the Severity Indices of Personality Problems short form (SIPP-SF)).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1) a diagnosis of severe depression; 2) instable bipolar disorder; 3) acute psychotic disorder; 4) IQ under 80; 5) substance dependence that need detox; 6) autism spectrum disorder; 7) (moderate to severe) neurocognitive disorder (MOCA
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| As a primary outcome measure, the credibility of the core beliefs (which are central to the PD) are assessed weekly. Participants will rate the credibility of their core beliefs on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) from 0 to 100 percent. The core beliefs are rated weekly during baseline phase and during treatment phase. The VAS will be scored at the start of each group session. During follow-up they will rated two times a month. The therapist will not be present when participants fill in this form to assure integrity. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| PD Diagnoses are assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 for PDs (SCID-5-P) (First et al., 2016). This is a generally accepted and widely used instrument for diagnosis of DSM-5-PDs. This semi structured interview consists of 134 open-questions. Criteria for PDs are rated on a 3-point scale ranging from 0) *absent*; 1) *subthreshold*; 2) *threshold*; and *?* in case not enough information is available. Reliability and validity are not yet available, but are expected to be similar to the Dutch version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders (Weertman et al., 2000). Inter-rater agreement appeared excellent in adults with an average age of 35.5 years (range 18-61), with a mean value of Cohen*s kappa .84 (Lobbestael et al., 2011). Early maladaptive schemas are measured with the Dutch Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ; Young & Brown, 1994; Dutch translation Sterk & Rijkeboer, 1997). This is a self-report assessment instrument of 205 items, to assess the 16 core maladaptive schemas at the time of assessment. The items are phrased as negative core beliefs and rated on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from *completely untrue* to *describes me perfectly*. Research on the Dutch YSQ showed good reliability and convergent and discriminant validity (Rijkeboer et al., 2005; Rijkeboer & van den Berg, 2006) and appeared to be highly age neutral when applied to older adults (Pauwels et al., 2014). Schema modes are assessed by the Dutch Short Schema Mode Inventory (SMI) (Young et al., 2007). This is a self-report measurement of 118 items divided into 14 subscales or schema modes. The items must be rated on a 6-point Likert scale. The Dutch SMI has acceptable internal consistencies (Cronbach*s a from 0.79 to 0.96) and moderate construct validity (Lobbestael et al., 2010). Positive schemas are measured with the The Young Positive Schema Questionnaire (YPSQ; Louis et al., 2018). It has 56 items divided in 14 scales. The fa | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed