PTSS gerelateerde klachten. PTSD related symptoms
Conditions
Interventions
Following Korrelboom and Ten Broeke (2014), the intervention will be applied as
follows and, following Loose and colleagues (2015), adapted for children/young
people
Patients will follow a short-term treatment program consisting of five ImRs
sessions of sixty minutes each, in which the intervention will be applied to
the most fraught bullying experiences (based
Sponsors
Karakter
Eligibility
Age
2 Years to 11 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: All registered patients within Karakter in the age range of eight to twelve years where bullying experiences are reported on the intake questionnaire and/or during the intake and PTSD related symptoms are reported. Willingness to cooperate in the study (informed consent).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: - A diagnosis of PTSD according to DSM 5 criteria including the A-criterium. - Suicidal behaviours for which admittance is indicated. - Serious psychiatric problems requiring (direct) and/or other treatment. - Following another evidence-based trauma focussed (psycho)therapy during the intervention. - IQ
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The intake questionnaire Karakter (version 2012) is used for client screening. In this questionnaire, in addition to other important matters relating to the reason for registration, bullying experiences and/or other traumatic events are asked. Parents/carers indicate whether their child has been bullied and in what way (the Karakter intake questionnaire explains what bullying is and what forms of bullying there are). The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13, Children and War Foundation, 1998) is a brief, self-report questionnaire designed to screen for PTSD in children aged 8 years and older (and a version for parents/carers).It consists of thirteen questions to assess posttraumatic intrusions, avoidances, and arousal. Children rate the frequency with which they have experienced each of the items during the past week using a four-point Likert-scale (0=not at all, 1=rarely, 3=sometimes, 5=often). Psychometric properties have been previously reported (Verlinden et al., 2014), showing the CRIES-13 to be a valid measure of posttraumatic stress. In this study, the internal consistency of the CRIES-13 was a=0.89. In this study the CRIES-13 will be used to measure posttraumatic stress symptoms between each session during the course of treatment | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary outcome measures are mapped by means of the KIDSCREEN-27, the Child Behavior Checklist, or CBCL, the Outcome Rating Scale, or ORS and the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, or RCADS. Kidscreen-27 (parents). The KIDSCREEN-27 (The KIDSCREEN Group Europe, 2006) is generic health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaire for children and adolescents applicable for healthy and chronically ill children and adolescents aged between 8 and 18 years. There are two versions of the questionnaire: a self-complete (child/adolescent) and proxy (parent/proxy). The KIDSCREEN-27 consists of 27 items that measure five dimensions: physical Well-being, psychological Well-being, parent relations & autonomy, social support & peers and school Environment. Items are answered on a five-point Likert-type scale assessing frequency: never (1), seldom (2), sometimes (3), often (4), and always (5), or intensity: not at all (1), slightly (2), moderately (3), very (4), and extremely (5), with a 1-week recall period. Scores are coded from 1 to 5, negatively formulated items are recoded, and the sum scores for respective dimensions are transformed to T scores with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation (SD) of 10. Higher scores indicate better HRQOL. The KIDSCREEN-27 has been shown to have robust psychometric properties. The internal consistency of the domains was between 0.81 and 0.84, and the test-retest reliability of the domains ranged from 0.61 to 0.74 (Ravens-Sieberer et al., 2008). Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 6-18) (parents). The Dutch parent report version of the Child Behavior Checklist 6*18*years (CBCL) assesses a wide range of children's emotional and behavioral problems, aimed to identify children at high risk of a psychiatric disorder (Achenbach et al., 2008; Verhulst & Van der Ende, 2013). The CBCL/6*18 comprises 120 items assessing behavioral and emotional problems that are answered on a 3-point Likert-type scale (0 = not true, 1 = so | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed