psychologische omstandigheden disturbed levels of eye contact and trust
Conditions
Interventions
1 time 24 IU internasal oxytocin and 1 time placebo solution.
Sponsors
Academisch Medisch Centrum
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Healthy, male subjects aged 18 to 35 years Subjects must be in good general healthRefrain from alcohol/smoking/caffeine/drugs 24 hrs before the experiment Refrained from food/drinks (except water) and intensive exercise two hours before the administration of oxytocinPrevious experience with healthcare system, in order to ensure that the subject is able to put himself in the role of a patient Subjects must be able to communicate well with the investigator in Dutch, to understand and comply with the requirements of the study, and understand and sign the written informed consentnclusiecriteri
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Known hypersensitivity to oxytocin or to any of the excipients of oxytocin or placeboParticipants who did not abstain from alcohol/smoking/caffeine/drugs 24 hrs before the experiment Participants who did not abstain from food/drinks (except water) and intensive exercise two hours before the administration of oxytocinParticipants who did not meet the above specified inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Level of eye contact: The level of eye contact will be measured using eye tracking and will be operationalized as total eye gaze time towards the eye region of the physician in the video. While participants watch the screen, their eye movements will be tracked using Tobii screen eye tracker. The analysis will be done using automatized *Area Of Interest* definition, and defined through algorithms. The time for each Area Of Interest *eye region, forehead, mouth, other* will be calculated. Total duration (time in seconds and number of subsequent fixations) of participant*s eye gaze during a visit within the area of interest (eye region of physician) will be taken into account in the statistical test. Participants* perception of the relationship with the physician: Measured with an adjusted version of the Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale (the adjustments entail omitting two items and a slight change of the wording of other items, as our proposed communication process is not a real life situation). This questionnaire is used to provide insight in a patients* trust in their physician and consists of 10 items, answered on a 5-point Likert scale. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Satisfaction with the physician: as measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (not likely at all) to 100 (most likely) asking *I would recommend this doctor to a friend or family member.* Pupillometry: The measurement of pupil size and reactivity (dilation and restriction), measured with the Tobii screen eye tracker. Satisfaction with the doctors* communication style: Measured with the Doctor Communication Style items (translated to Dutch with forward-backward translation) on two subscales: affiliativeness and dominance/activity. Items are answered on a 5-point Likert Scale from *strongly agree* to *strongly disagree*. Recall and Recognition (of information as explained during the medical communication video): questionnaire which assesses participants* level of free recall and recognition of information provided by the videotaped physician. The questionnaire will be designed based on the information provided in the video. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed