metabolisme absorption of lipids metabolism
Conditions
Interventions
The subjects will receive milkshakes made of infant-formula products containing
two different fat mixtures
one consisting of 100% vegetables fat and one
containing 65% bovine milk fat and 35% vegetable fats.
Sponsors
Wageningen Universiteit
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: * Caucasian male * 18-28 years old * Body mass index (BMI) 20-25 kg/m2. * Regular consumption of milk (products) * Haemoglobin (Hb) level > 8.4 mmol/L
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: * (symptoms of) cow*s milk allergy * Lactose intolerance * Metabolic diseases * (known symptoms of) (auto)immune diseases, like diabetes * (known symptoms of) gastro-intestinal diseases, like; irritable bowel syndrome Intestinal malabsorption, diagnosed with celiac disease, Crohn*s disease, colitis ulcerosa, short bowel syndrome or surgical bowel interventions leading to malabsorption; * Cardiovascular diseases * Vegetarian/vegan * Smoking (to be included, subject has to stopped smoking at least 6 months for the start of the study) * Usage of over the counter drugs, such as antacids and laxatives * Abuse of drugs * Consumption of >21 glasses of alcohol per week * More than 5 hours of strenuous exercise (>6.0 METS) every week * High level of restraint eating, as determined by the NVE questionnaire (Nederlandse vragenlijst voor eetgedrag) * Claustrophobia * Unsuitable veins for blood sampling * Blood donation during the two months before the start of the study and during the study * Current participation in other scientific studies * Employee of Human and Animal Physiology or Human Nutrition or BSc/MSc thesis student at Human and Animal Physiology
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The main parameter is the diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT). This will be measured for five hours after the consumption of the infant formula products. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary study parameters are postprandial lipid profile, respiratory exchange ratio, and triglyceride level, apolipoprotein levels, phospholipid level, fatty acid profile and chylomicron size, which will all be measured in chylomicron-rich fraction of plasma. Furthermore, glucose, insulin and satiety hormone levels will be measured in blood, acetone concentrations in exhaled air and satiety will further be investigated via questionnaires and caloric intake at an ad libitum lunch. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed