fysiologie Difference in gastric digestion of cow milk between people who do or do not experience abdominal discomfort
Conditions
Interventions
Ingestion of 250 mL cow milk.
Sponsors
Wageningen Universiteit
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Drinking cow milk (maximum of 200ml/week for those who declare to not drink habitually and a minimum of 700ml/week for those who declare to drink cow milk habitually) Reporting/not reporting GI discomfort after cow milk consumption (depending on study group) Female BMI: 18.5 - 30 kg/m2 Age: 18 - 60 years Healthy (self-reported) Need to be willing to be informed about incidental findings of pathology
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Having a history of medical or surgical events related to the GI tract that may give rise to GI complaints Medical drug use that influences the GI tract*s normal function, e.g. the motility, pH etc: among others use of proton pump inhibitors, antacids, anti-depressants etc. Medical drug use that influence the GI tract*s microbiota: antibiotic use within 1 months prior to the pre-study screenings day Mental status that is incompatible with the proper conduct of the study Daily use of probiotics Weekly use of laxatives Lactose intolerance (medically diagnosed or tested with a lactose breath test in screening visit) and cow milk allergy Reported unexplained weight loss or weight gain of > 5 kg in the month prior to screening Reported slimming or medically prescribed diet Reported vegan or macrobiotic life-style Alcohol consumption of more than 14 glasses/week Smoking more than 4 cigarettes a day Not willing to give stool sample during the study Being pregnant, having the intention to get pregnant, lactating or being under postmenopausal hormonal treatment Not having a general practitioner Having a contra-indication to MRI scanning
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Gastric emptying half-time based on gastric content (volume in mL) over time. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Subjective GI symptoms, wellbeing, thirst and appetite. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed