obesity overweight
Conditions
Interventions
Participants perform 4 test sessions during which the participant receives one
of the following 4 treatments/conditions. During one session participants eat
the test food in a normal fashion (A. 100
Gastric load
Oro-sensory exposure
Satiation
Sponsors
Wageningen Universiteit
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: * Male * Between 18-35 years old at the day of inclusion * Able to understand and speak Dutch or English fluently or without difficulty * BMI 18.5-26 kg/m2 * Good general health and appetite (F1 questionnaire and judge by the subject) * Eating three meals a day, every day around the same times. (Self-report see F1 questionnaire).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: * Difficulties with swallowing, chewing and or eating * Suffering from an endocrine or eating disorder, gastrointestinal illness or illness of the thyroid gland, respiratory disease or diabetes. * Having taste or smell disorders (self-report) * Braces (not including a dental wire) or oral piercing * Smoking * Consuming on average more than 28 glasses of alcohol per week * Use of medication that may influence study outcomes ( see, F1 questionnaire) * Allergies or intolerance to any ingredient of the test food. * Not willing to eat the test food because of eating habits or believes. * Followed an energy restricted diet during the last 2 months * Gained or lost 5 kg of body weight over the last half year * High restrained eater according to the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (men: score>2.9). * Signed up for participating in another research study (with the exception of the EetMeetWeet study). * Employee of Human Nutrition (WUR) * Thesis student or intern at the chair group of Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour Human Nutrition (WUR). * Intensive exercising 5 days per week for at least one hour or more, or more than 8 hrs per week in total. * Low score (
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The main study outcome is intake in kcal of the ad libitum load in all 4 conditions. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The Secundairy outcome measures of this study are: Insulin, ghrelin, PP, CCK-8, PYY and GLP-1 responses over time. Cognitive outcome measures: Mouth feel, expected satiety, hedonic evaluation and appetite feelings. | — |
Countries
The Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed