gezonde mensen N/A
Conditions
Interventions
We will not use medication, just MRI scans.
To study the effects of bullying and ostracism (on victims and actors)
and their underlying neural mechanisms, we will use the Cyberball paradigm
(Willia
Williams & Jarvis, 2006). In Cyberball,
participants play a computer ballgame with two other participants, in which
they can throw a ball at each other. The paradigm enables you to receive or
give
Van Beest et al., 2011
Van Beest, & Williams,
2006). With each received ball toss participants lost a certain amount of
money. Players can thus give negative attention to other players by throwing
the ball to them.
Cybe
Bullying
fMRI
Social Neuroscience
Sponsors
Universiteit Leiden
Eligibility
Age
2 Years to 64 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Children and adults of 8-25 years with no history of neurological disorder/disease and no counter-indications to MRI will be included in this study. All participants will be right-handed native Dutch speakers with normal vision or contact lenses. Female participants will only be invited within 7 days of the first day of their menstrual cycle.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Potential participants will be prescreened for contraindications for fMRI, which include metal implants, heart arrhythmia, claustrophobia, and possible pregnancy (in females). They will additionally be prescreened for head trauma, premature birth, learning disabilities, and history of neurological or psychiatric illness and/or use of psychotropic medications. Because of the difficulties in interpreting cognitive studies in subjects with Dutch as a second language, only native-Dutch speakers will be asked to participate in the study. Finally, left-handed individuals will be excluded from the study because some left-handers have substantially different brain organization relative to right-handers.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary objective of this study is to examine the neural correlates of the experience and act of two different forms of rejection: ostracism and bullying. For the experience of ostracism and bullying, we are specifically interested in the role of emotional networks related to the experience of social pain at different stages of development. For the act of ostracism and bullying (i.e., whether people are willing to ostracize/bully others), we are specifically interested in the role of mentalizing networks related to empathy and perspective taking, also at different stages of development. To this end, we will acquire fMRI data and behavioral responses of participants aged 8-25 years. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| An additional objective of these studies is to relate individual differences in the experience and act of rejection to various psychosocial adjustment measures. This latter objective will be achieved by correlating brain activity with self-report questionnaires. | — |
Countries
The Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed