Embolism
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht
Eligibility
Age
2 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Patients where spinal instrumentation surgery is indicated.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Multi-trauma patients and contra-indications for the use of transesophageal echocardiography: oropharyngeal carcinoma, oesophageal varices, oesophageal stricture, oesophageal diverticulum, oesophagitis, Mallory-Weiss tear, recent upper gastro-intestinal hemorrhage, gastric ulcer, symptomatic hiatal hernia.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| a) The incidence and extent of echogenic material visualized with intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography b) Intraoperative cardiopulmonary function | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Age, gender, Body mass index (BMI), history of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, preoperative physical status (ASA- class), history of smoking, co-morbidity of osteoporosis, diabetes, paralysis of lower extremities, bleeding disorder, (antithrombotic) medication, previous estrogen therapy Type of surgical procedure, level and number of fusion of vertebral bodies, number of instrumentations placed, operative time, blood loss, units of red blood cells transfused, clinical embolic events after surgery, other surgical complications, and mortality. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed