heart failure lung emphysema
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Universiteit Maastricht
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: COPD patients: inclusion criterion for COPD patients is COPD according to GOLD criteria. Heart failure patients: inclusion criterion for CHF patients is diagnosis heart failure with an ejection fraction
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: COPD patients: exclusion criteria for COPD patients are malignancy, cardiac failure, distal arteriopathy, recent surgery, severe endocrine, hepatic or renal disorders, oxygen therapy and recent participation in a revalidation program (previous 6 months). CHF patients: exclusion criteria for CHF patients are unstable disease, unstable angina pectoris, correctable cause of heart failure or valvular heart disease, restrictive or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, malignancy, pulmonary disease (including primary pulmonary hypertension and COPD), distal arteriopathy, recent surgery, severe endocrine, hepatic or renal disorders and recent participation in a revalidation program (previous 6 months). Patients with artificial valves, known left ventricular thrombi and mitral stenosis will also be excluded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Main outcome parameters are the skeletal muscle expression levels of HIF-1a, PGC-1 and PPARs in the different groups. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Also, markers of hypoxia such as vascular endothelial growth factor, carbonic anhydrase-9 and heme oxygenase-1 will be measured. Metabolic enzyme activities and muscle fiber type proportions will be determined to assess oxidative phenotype. Outcome parameters regarding adipose tissue are adipocyte size and cell surface, expression levels of markers for hypoxia like HIF-1a and GLUT-1, and expression levels of inflammatory mediators like TNF-a, IL-6, leptin and adiponectin. | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed