sex chromosomal aneuploidy sex chromosomal disorder
Conditions
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Universiteit Leiden
Eligibility
Age
2 Years to 11 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: General inclusion criteria include age between 4 and 12 (for the fMRI study: age between 9 and 12), voluntary participation, Dutch speaking and signed informed consent from parents. The specific inclusion criteria for the four groups are as following:;Klinefelter syndrome: diagnosed with (non-mosaic) Klinefelter syndrome based on the presence of a 47,XXY chromosomal pattern as determined by karyotyping. Turner syndrome: diagnosed with (non-mosaic) Turner syndrome based on the presence of a 46,XO chromosomal pattern as determined by karyotyping. Autism spectrum condition: an autism spectrum diagnosis according to DSM-IV or ICD-10 criteria Non-clinical controls: n/a
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Clinical groups: - history of closed-head injury or neurological illness - contraindications for MRI (part 2 study) - premature birth;Non-clinical groups: - use of psychotropic medication - history of psychiatric illness, closed-head injury, neurological illness or endocrinological dysfunction - contraindications for fMRI - premature birth
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| cognitive dysfunctions in relation to social behavioural difficulties, differences between the groups in BOLD (blood oxygen level dependent) response during cognitive tasks and FA (Fractional Anisotropy) as measured with MRI, levels of testosterone as measured in saliva samples. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| number of adverse events | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed