high blood pressure hypertension
Conditions
Interventions
Three weeks daily consumption of a cocoa drink rich in flavanols and rich in
theobromine, a cocoa drink rich in flavanols but low in theobromine and a
placebo drink in random order.
Sponsors
Academisch Medisch Centrum
Eligibility
Age
18 Years to 99 Years
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: informed consent age 40-70 years men and postmenopausal women blood pressure 130-159/85-99 mmHg maximum of 2 risk factors according to ESH 2007 guidelines BMI > 18 and
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: previous cardiovascular event(s) (stroke, TIA, angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure) total cholesterol > 8.0 mmol/L diabetes mellitus, defined as fasting glucose > 7.0 mmol/L or use of glucose lowering drugs reported alcohol consumption > 28 alcohol units/week other diseases or oral medication affecting blood pressure being an employee of the AMC currently on a medically prescribed diet, or slimming diet reported intense sporting activities > 10 h/w being lactose intolerant
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Difference in 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure for both cocoa treatments compared to the placebo treatment. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The difference between the placebo treatment arm and the cocoa treatment arms in: Augmentation index, central (aortic) blood pressure and pulse wave velocity as assessed by the Sphygmocor device. Systemic vascular resistance as assessed by Finapres. Endothelial function as assessed by Endopat2000 Insulin sensitivity, lipid profile measured with standard laboratory techniques. Platelet aggregation and function. Mood and psychological well-being (via self-report questionnaires) | — |
Countries
Netherlands
Outcome results
None listed