None listed
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Patients with persistent AF 80 beats per minute; 4. On oral anticoagulation.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Paroxysmal AF; 2. Known contraindications for strict or lenient rate control; 3. Unstable heart failure; 4. Cardiac surgery. 5. Any current stroke; 6. Foreseen pacemaker or cardiac resynchronization therapy; 7. Sick sinus syndrome or AV node conduction disturbances; 8. Untreated hyperthyroidism; 9. Inability to walk or bike.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Component of: cardiovascular mortality, heart failure, stroke, systemic emboli, bleeding, syncope, sustained ventricular tachycardia, appropriate shocks or anti-tachycardia pacing of ICD for ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, life-threatening adverse effects of rate control drugs, pacemaker implantation. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. All casue mortality; 2. All cause hospitalizations; 3. Exercise tolerance (NYHA class); 4. Left ventricular function; 5. Left atrial size; 6. Quality of life; 7. NT-proBNP; 8. Hospitalization for heart failure; 9. Syncope, sustained ventricular tachycardia, appropriate shocks or anti-tachycardia pacing of ICD for ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and pacemaker implantations; 10. Bleeding, any stroke, systemic emboli; 11. Myocardial infarction confirmed by ECG and enzyme increase; 12. Costs; 13. Renal function. | — |
Contacts
University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), P.O. Box 30001