adolescents, ANS, biological stress system, cortisol, gameful intervention, HPA-axis, neurofeedback, posttraumatic symptoms, residential care, serious game, stress, trauma.
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: • Age between 10 and 18 years. • Being able to speak the Dutch language, to ensure that participants are able to give informed consent and understand the questionnaire administered in the interview and task instructions. • Admitted to residential treatment within youth mental health care, the youth welfare system, or care for youth with ID. • CRIES-13 score of 30 or higher at T0.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: • Current or recent (within the last 3 months) EMDR or CBT treatment specifically targeting post-traumatic symptoms. • Simultaneous participation in another clinical intervention study. • Psychotic symptoms. • Negative clinician advice, for example the clinician fears that participation in the study would have negative effects on the participant or that the participants has not the capacities to take part in the study (we have no exclusion criteria based on IQ, to promote external generalizability).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| • Posttraumatic symptoms (self- and mentor-report) • Stress (self-report) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| • HPA-axis activity: o Cortisol reactivity to a stress-inducing task, measured with salivary cortisol samples o Resting cortisol, measured with HCC • ANS activity: The ANS consist of a dynamic interplay of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, thus, we will not only measure RSA, but also other ANS parameters, both resting levels and reactivity to a stress-inducing task. o RSA (parasympathetic activity) o Pre-ejection period (PEP; sympathetic activity) o Heart rate (HR; sympathetic and parasympathetic activity) o Hearth rate variability parameters (HRV; sympathetic and parasympathetic activity) o Skin conductance levels (SCL; mainly sympathetic activity) o Skin conductance response (SCR; mainly sympathetic) • Psychopathology: o Depression (self-report) o Anxiety (self-report) o Aggression (self- and mentor-report) o Executive functioning (mentor-report) | — |