Schema therapy for adults with autism and personality disorder

Schema therapy as treatment for adults with autism spectrum disorder and comorbid personality disorder: a multiple baseline case series study testing cognitive-behavioral and experiential interventions.

Status

Recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Interventional

Source

NL-OMON

Registry ID

NL-OMON28080

Enrollment

Registered

2016-04-01

Start date

2016-04-07

Completion date

Unknown

Last updated

2024-02-28

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

schema therapy, adults, autism spectrum disorder, personality disorder, cognitive-behavioral, experiential schematherapie, volwassenen, autismespectrumstoornis, persoonlijkheidsstoornis, cognitief gedragstherapeutisch, experientieel

Interventions

The treatment protocol consists of 35 sessions, offered weekly, followed by 10 monthly booster sessions. A multiple baseline design will be used with baseline varying from 5 to 10 weeks, with weekly s

Eligibility

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria are a primary diagnosis of DSM-IV and/or DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder and personality disorder, age 18-65 years, with IQ at least normal intelligent (IQ > 80), at least a completed primary school and secondary education, having a reasonable degree of insight into their own personality and recognition of their (psychological) functioning, and a willingness to participate in the study for 2 years confirmed by a signed informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria are schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder, antisocial PD, eating disorder, psychiatric disorders secondary to medical conditions, mental retardation (IQ < 80), addiction (that needs clinical detox) and presence of current suicidal ideation. Participants are not allowed to follow another concurrent psychological treatment at the same time. Pharmacotherapy can be used as a co-intervention during the treatment when already started before the study intervention. This is no reason for exclusion from the study. When participants have to start with pharmacotherapy or another form of (support) therapy during the study intervention, for example in case of acute crisis, this will not lead to exclusion from the study, only when this therapy and the results will be documented precisely.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Idiosyncratic belief strength: three to five idiosyncratic beliefs are formulated in collaboration with each participant, that are central to the participant’s problems. Participants will rate the degree in which they believe in each statement on 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS; Freyd, 1923) every week during treatment and monthly at follow-up. The average score constitutes the primary outcome. The VAS is a simple and frequently used scale measure and can be used for the assessment of variations in intensity of core beliefs. When responding to a VAS item, patients specify their level of agreement to a core belief by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points from 0 to 100. The core beliefs are formulated during the screening procedure before the baseline phase. All participants rate on the VAS core beliefs weekly during baseline, exploration phase, cognitive-behavioral intervention phase, experiential phase, and monthly during follow-up phase.	—

Measure

Time frame

Idiosyncratic belief strength: three to five idiosyncratic beliefs are formulated in collaboration with each participant, that are central to the participant’s problems. Participants will rate the degree in which they believe in each statement on 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS; Freyd, 1923) every week during treatment and monthly at follow-up. The average score constitutes the primary outcome. The VAS is a simple and frequently used scale measure and can be used for the assessment of variations in intensity of core beliefs. When responding to a VAS item, patients specify their level of agreement to a core belief by indicating a position along a continuous line between two end-points from 0 to 100. The core beliefs are formulated during the screening procedure before the baseline phase. All participants rate on the VAS core beliefs weekly during baseline, exploration phase, cognitive-behavioral intervention phase, experiential phase, and monthly during follow-up phase.

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Secondary

Measure	Time frame
The secondary outcomes include maladaptive schema modes assessed with the Schema Mode Inventory (SMI; Young, Arntz, Atkinson, Lobbestael, Weishaar, van Vreeswijk, & Klokman, 2007), and personality disorder criteria assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams & Benjamin, 2000). The SMI contains 118 items that correspond to 14 schema modes, each rated on a 1-6 point scale for frequency. The Dutch version of the SMI will be used. All participants complete the SMI during screening procedure (i.e. before baseline), after baseline phase, after exploration phase, after cognitive-behavioral intervention phase, after experiential phase, during and after follow-up phase. The SCID-II is a structured clinical interview assessing the ten DSM-IV personality disorders (APA, 2000). Each SCID II criterion has a scoring range of 1 to 3. All participants are assessed by the SCID-II during screening (i.e. before baseline), at 5-month follow-up, and at 10-month follow-up. Still another secondary outcome is severity of psychological symptoms on Symptom Check List (SCL-90; Arrindell & Ettema, 2003). The SCL-90 is a 90-item self-report questionnaire assessing psychological symptoms during the last week. Each item has five statements, rated on a 1-4 point scale for severity, resulting in a total score of 90 to 450. The Dutch version of the SCL-90 will be used. All participants complete the SCL-90 during screening procedure (i.e. before baseline), after baseline phase, after exploration phase, after cognitive-behavioral intervention phase, after experiential phase, at 5-month follow-up, and at 10-months follow-up. The last secondary outcome will be an improvement of social responsiveness on the Social Responsiveness Scale – Adult version (SRS-A; Constantino, 2005; Noens, De la Marche & Scholte, 2012). The SRS-A is a 64-item self-report questionnaire for determining various dimensions of interpersonal beha	—

Measure

Time frame

The secondary outcomes include maladaptive schema modes assessed with the Schema Mode Inventory (SMI; Young, Arntz, Atkinson, Lobbestael, Weishaar, van Vreeswijk, & Klokman, 2007), and personality disorder criteria assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams & Benjamin, 2000). The SMI contains 118 items that correspond to 14 schema modes, each rated on a 1-6 point scale for frequency. The Dutch version of the SMI will be used. All participants complete the SMI during screening procedure (i.e. before baseline), after baseline phase, after exploration phase, after cognitive-behavioral intervention phase, after experiential phase, during and after follow-up phase. The SCID-II is a structured clinical interview assessing the ten DSM-IV personality disorders (APA, 2000). Each SCID II criterion has a scoring range of 1 to 3. All participants are assessed by the SCID-II during screening (i.e. before baseline), at 5-month follow-up, and at 10-month follow-up. Still another secondary outcome is severity of psychological symptoms on Symptom Check List (SCL-90; Arrindell & Ettema, 2003). The SCL-90 is a 90-item self-report questionnaire assessing psychological symptoms during the last week. Each item has five statements, rated on a 1-4 point scale for severity, resulting in a total score of 90 to 450. The Dutch version of the SCL-90 will be used. All participants complete the SCL-90 during screening procedure (i.e. before baseline), after baseline phase, after exploration phase, after cognitive-behavioral intervention phase, after experiential phase, at 5-month follow-up, and at 10-months follow-up. The last secondary outcome will be an improvement of social responsiveness on the Social Responsiveness Scale – Adult version (SRS-A; Constantino, 2005; Noens, De la Marche & Scholte, 2012). The SRS-A is a 64-item self-report questionnaire for determining various dimensions of interpersonal beha

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Contacts

Public ContactRichard Vuijk

Sarr Expertisecentrum Autisme

r.vuijk@bavo-europoort.nl088-3585500

Outcome results

None listed

Source: NL-OMON (via WHO ICTRP)