Treatment as usual versus treamt as usual + cognitive therapy.
Conditions
Interventions
Cognitive therapy (CT). The CT in the experimental condition involved eight weekly two-hour sessions. As in other prevention studies (Ma &Teasdale, 2004
Teasdale et al., 2000) a group format was chosen, for cost-effectiveness reasons but also because we were dealing with a patient group without current psychopathology.
More specifically, we used a c
all were fully trained cognitive behavior therapists (minimum of 5 years of training). Before conducting the experimental groups, each therapist received 16 hours of additional specific training. A tr
Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979), the present module was not primarily directed toward modifying negative thoughts. Instead, it started with the identification of negative thoughts (Session 1) and dys
Sponsors
None listed
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: To be eligible, patients had to meet the following criteria: 1. Experienced at least two Major Depressive Episodes (MDEs) in the previous five years, as defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental Disorders (DSM-IV: American Psychiatric Association, 1994) and assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID; First, Gibbon, Spitzer, & Williams, 1996) administered by trained interviewers; 2. Were currently in remission according to DSM-IV criteria, for longer than ten weeks and no longer than two years (i.e. a high-risk group of relapse/recurrence); 3. Obtained a current score of <10 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (Hamilton, 1960).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria were current mania or hypomania or a history of bipolar illness, any psychotic disorder (current and previous), organic brain damage, alcohol or drug misuse, predominant anxiety disorder, recent ECT, recent cognitive treatment or receiving CT at the start of the study, or current psychotherapy with a frequency of more than two times a month.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Relapse/recurrence To assess relapse/recurrence, we used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I; First, Gibbon, Spitzer, & Williams, 1996) was used. At baseline and at three follow-up assessments (3, 12, and 24 months), current and past depressive episodes were checked. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The number of relapse/recurrence and severity relapse/recurrence. | — |
Contacts
Public ContactClaudi Bockting
Academic Medical Center (AMC) / De Meren Tafelbergweg 25 P2-221
Outcome results
None listed