Child abuse, neglect, maltreatment,
Conditions
Interventions
The Resolutions Approach (Turnell, 2010)(RA) in families with alleged child abuse. In this study, the actual signals of child maltreatment are mapped using the assessment form of Turnell (Turnell et a
Sponsors
University of Amsterdam, Department of Developmental Psychology
Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: Participants are 15 families with children between 8 and 18 years old. Families meeting the following criteria can join this study: a) There are specific signs of child maltreatment seen by more than one informant. Informants can be people who have seen children and families. Informants may consist of people knowing child or family (members of the social network of the family, doctors, teachers, police and other professionals) b) (One of the) parents (partially) deny that they have maltreated their children. c) Parents are willing to participate in the intervention and research. d) Working towards safety within the family seems to be an achievable goal for all concerned. If the parents, the referrer, children over the age of twelve or the case manager finds this unsafe or impossible the cannot use the intervention. e) It is financially and physically possible for the family to travel to the institution. f) There is a safety family network of at least one person. If the parents do not want to involve certain people from the social network in the treatment, they can still participate. The involvement of an existing but absent network is one of the goals of the RA. g) The case manager can be present at the multidisciplinary meetings.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Exclusion criteria are: - Not Dutch speaking families. - Parents who do not have a permanent residence.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Primary outcome: Incidents of child abuse and domestic violence. The quantitative measures will be assessed at five measurement points (T0 – T4): start of the baseline phase (T0), start of the treatment phase (T1), end of the treatment phase (T2), first follow-up meeting after three months (T3) and second follow-up meeting after six months (T4). Clinically relevant change in the client symptoms relative to the normgroup will be analysed using the outcomes on the extensive measurements and the reliable change index (RCI) (Jacobson & Truax, 1991). The RCI is a method to determine whether the symptom change within the participant is statistically reliable and represents a real improvement. This is the case if the RCI is greater than 1.96. The child abuse and domestic violence will be measured through various informants, as there is often denial in parents. Children will complete the Dutch translation of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). This is a self-report instrument to determine child abuse and neglect. The CTQ consists of 28 items, covering five types of maltreatment: emotional and physical neglect, emotional and physical abuse, as well as sexual abuse. Both children and parents fill in the Conflict Tactics Scale Parent-Child (CTS-PC) (Dutch translation), which is a self-report tool to measure the presence and degree of child abuse. It measures psychological and physical child abuse and neglect (Straus, 1998). The parents also complete the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale between partners (CTS2). This is a self-report questionnaire consisting of 78 items divided in five scales: psychological -, physical -, sexual violence and injuries due to a fight with the (ex-)partner. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary outcome: Parental stress, Children's posttraumatic stress reactions, Emotional and behavioral problems in children, Parent-child relationship. Parental stress will be measured by The Nijmeegse Ouderlijke Stress Index (NOSIK). The NOSIK is a self-report questionnaire that consists of 25 items, answered on a 6-point scale and is suitable for parents of children between 2 and 13 years old. A high overall score means a high level of parental stress. Children's posttraumatic stress reactions will be measured with the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale (Schokverwerkingslijst voor Kinderen; SVLK). Both parents and children fill out the questionnaire. Participants are asked to describe a specific stressful life event that the child has experienced in the past. Additionally, they will complete 34 items about the event and other items that directly correspond to the PTSD symptoms from the DSM-IV. It is scored on a 5-point scale ranging from “not at all” (0) to “extremely” (4). Emotional and behavioural problems in children will be measured by the Dutch translation of the Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The SDQ is a self-assessment questionnaire to measure the social-emotional health of children and adolescents (3-17 years). It consists of 25 items, which are answered on a three-point scale. The questionnaire consists of five subscales: emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems and prosocial behaviour. The overall score of the SDQ gives an indication of the extent of the socio-emotional problems. The closeness of the relationship between children and their parents will be measured with The Inclusion of Other in the Self Scale (IOS). It is a single-item, pictorial measure. The child has to choose one image that represents their relationship with the parent. The images consist of two circles, which increase in the degree of overlap. The more overlap, the more closeness. Idiosyncratic asse | — |
Contacts
Public ContactJ.W. Sepers
Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group
Outcome results
None listed