Eligible participants will be recruited at the participating sites. We aim to recruit 10 subjects at each site. For the site with patients with PDs, eligible participants are patients of > 18 years with PDs who are undergoing treatment at Scelta, GGNet in Apeldoorn. Based on a previous study (Oostendorp & Chakhssi, 2017), the study population can be described as predominantly female (over 80%) and with an average age of 25 years (SD = 7) at admission. All patients have one or more personality di
Conditions
Interventions
The intervention used in this study is Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT
Gilbert, 2005, 2010). CFT was initially developed by Paul Gilbert for clients who experience high levels of self-criticism and shame. CFT emphasizes the significance of our affiliative system in reduc
Dutch translation: Pots et al., 2019), consisting of 12 sessions, was translated and adapted into a group-based and individual CFT protocol. In the protocol each session includes a therapist guidance
Sponsors
Not applicable.
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: In order to be eligible to participate in this study on the site for PDs a subject must meet all of the following criteria: 1) is admitted to Scelta, GGNet, Apeldoorn, 2) has one or more DSM-5 personality disorders as primary diagnosis, 3) is aged between 18 and 65 years old, 4) has a high level of self-criticism at baseline (score FSCRS inadequate self > 20). In order to be eligible to participate in this study on the site for PTSD a subject must meet all of the following criteria: 1) is admitted to Team Complex Trauma, Dimence, Almelo, 2) has a DSM-5 PTSD disorders as primary diagnosis, 3) is aged between 18 and 65 years old, 4) has a high level of self-criticism at baseline (score FSCRS inadequate self > 20).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Insufficient Dutch language proficiency to be able to participate in the study and complete the questionnaires.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary outcome is the twice a week assessed level of self-critical beliefs. These beliefs are assessed before the baseline phase using the Dutch version of the Forms of Self-Criticizing/ Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS; Sommers-Spijkerman et al., 2018). Each participant then chooses three to five self-critical beliefs, resulting from the questionnaire, which they consider to be central to their symptoms. Participants will rate each of their beliefs on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 100%. The self-critical beliefs are rated twice a week during baseline, treatment and follow-up phases. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| PDs severity is assessed with the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF; American Psychological Association, 2013; Dutch version: Heijden et al., 2014). The PID-5-BF is a 25-item self-rated measure for maladaptive personality trait assessment. Each item can be rated on a 4-point scale (0 to 3). The overall measure has a range of scores from 0 to 75, with higher scores indicating greater overall personality dysfunction. The total score will be used as a measure for PD severity in the current study. The PID-5-BF has adequate reliability and validity (Anderson, Sellbom, & Salekin, 2016), which has been replicated in Dutch samples (Bastiaens et al., 2016). Self-compassion is assessed with the 12-item Self-Compassion Scale—Short Form (SCS-SF; Neff, 2003; Dutch version: Raes et al., 2011). The total score varies between 12 and 84, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of self-compassion. Previous research has shown that the Dutch version of the SCS-SF has adequate psychometric qualities (Raes et al., 2011). PTSD symptom severity is assessed with the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5; Weathers, Litz, Keane, Palmieri, Marx, & Schnurr, 2013; Dutch version: Boeschoten, Bakker, Jongedijk, & Olff, 2014). The PCL-5 is a 20 item (5 point Likert) self-report measure that assesses the 20 DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD. Total scores range from 0 to 80. Participants’ responses are indexed to the traumatic event that they identified as resulting in most self-criticism. The PCL-5 has demonstrated strong psychometric properties and high quality of efficiency for predicting PTSD diagnosis (Blevins, Weathers, Davis, Witte, & Domino, 2015). Research on the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the PCL-5 is ongoing. Several studies have found good psychometric properties for the PCL-5, with good internal consistency (Bovin, Marx, Weathers, Gallagher, Rodriguez, et al., 2016; Sveen, Bondjers, Willebrand, 2016; Van der Meer, Bakker, Schrieken, Hoofwijk, & Olff, 2017) | — |
Contacts
Public ContactFarid Chakhssi
GGNet Scelta
Outcome results
None listed