Eating behaviour
Conditions
Interventions
In the conditioning period (5 days a week for 4 weeks), subjects will be offered a sugar sweetened or a non-caloric sweetened version of either a yoghurt drink or a soft drink 10 times in random order
Sponsors
Wageningen University, Department of Human Nutrition
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Age: 18-35 years; 2. BMI: 18.5 – 25.0 kg/m2; 3. Healthy (as judged by the participant).
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. Restraint eating (men: score > 2.25; women: score > 2.80); 2. Lack of appetite; 3. Having difficulties with swallowing/eating; 4. Usage of an energy restricted diet during the last two months; 5. Weight loss or weight gain of 5 kg or more during the last two months; 6. Stomach or bowel diseases; 7. Diabetes, thyroid disease, other endocrine disorders; 8. Having a history of neurological disorders; 9. Having taste or smell disorders; 10. Usage of daily medication other than birth control pills; 11. For females: Being pregnant or lactating; 12. Smoking more than one cigarette a day; 13. Being allergic/intolerant for products under study; 14. Exclusive consumption of ‘light’ versions of yoghurt and/or soft drinks; 15. Working at the division of human nutrition (WUR); 16. Current participation in other research from the division of human nutrition (WUR); 17. For males: Having a contra-indication to MRI scanning (including, but not limited to): A. Claustrophobia; B. Epilepsy or a family history of epilepsy; C. Serious physical or mental illnesses; D. Pacemakers and defibrillators; E. Intraorbital or intraocular metallic fragments; F. Ferromagnetic implants; G. Presence of any other metal object e.g. in the mouth; H. Being lefthanded.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The primary objective of this study is to determine the effect of replacing added sugar by non-caloric sweeteners in a nutrient-rich matrix (dairy drink yoghurt) and in a nutrient-empty matrix (soft drink) on reward value reflected in preferences and brain responses after repeated exposure. | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| The secondary objective of this study is to determine the effect of replacing added sugar by non-caloric sweeteners in a nutrient-rich matrix (dairy drink yoghurt) and in a nutrient-empty matrix (soft drink) after repeated consumption on: 1. Explicit and implicit liking and wanting of these products; 2. Implicit associations of these products with feelings of satiety; 3. Expected satiety of these products; 4. Ad libitum intake of these products. | — |
Contacts
Public ContactS. Griffioen-Roose
Wageningen University Division of Human Nutrition PO Box 8129
Outcome results
None listed