Depression, Prevention, Adolescents, Depressie, Preventie, Adolescenten.
Conditions
Interventions
Sponsors
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: 1. Adolescent girls in 7th and 8th grade, middle school (ages 12-14); 2. Informed consent from children and parents; 3. Elevated depressive symptoms. In line with other indicated prevention studies (see for a meta-analytic review Horowitz & Garber, 2009) and earlier studies with the SPARX (Fleming et al., 2012; Merry et al., 2012; Lucassen et al., in preparation) girls with a RADS-2 score of above the 70th percentile will be included.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: 1. No informed consent from children and parents; 2. Children with severe depressive score and suicidal ideation (score 3 on item 9 of the CDI); 3. Children currently receiving mental health care.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Depressive symptoms: Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale Second Edition (RADS-2). | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| 1. Daily stressors. Daily stressors will be measured by asking adolescents if they experienced a negative event last week. Questions include what kind of event it was, who was involved in the event, what emotion(s) were most prominent during the event, what the intensity was of the emotion and if the stress from the event has been resolved or not; 2.. Motivation. Adapted version of the Autonomous and Controlled Motivations for Treatment Questionnaire (ACMTQ); 3. Cognitive coping. Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ); 4. Cognitive errors. Revised Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ-R); 5. Active coping. Brief-COPE; 6. Self-efficacy. Self Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C); 7. Hopefulness. General Positive Expectancies (GPE); 8. Theory of emotion. Implicit Theory of Emotion scale (ITE); 9. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21). | — |
Contacts
Behavioural Science Institute Montessorilaan 3