Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder, Post traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder
Conditions
Interventions
The online intervention is based on the cognitive behavioral model of complicated grief (Boelen, van den Hout, & van den Bout, 2006). This model states that disturbed grief, even after a long period o
2) negative cognitions and catastrophic misinterpretations of one's own grieving reactions
3) anxious and depressive avoidance behavior. Recent reviews (Boelen & Smid, 2017
Doering & Eisma, 2016) show that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective form of treatment. Online CBT (Eisma et al., 2015), in which a client is accompanied by a therapist via the internet
Sponsors
1.University of Groningen 2 Utrecht University
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria: First, second and third degree (adoption- or step) family members, and spouses or friends of persons who died at a traffic accident - = 18 years of age - meet the criteria for Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and/or Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) based on questionnaire scores.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria: Participants will be excluded when they do not have Internet access or do not master Dutch language.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| PCBD, depression, and PTSD symptom levels. PCBD: Traumatic Grief Inventory - Self Report (TGI - SR) (Boelen & Smid, 2017b). Depressive disorder: depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D; Zigmond & Snaith, 1983) PTSD: PTSD Checklist for DSM-5PCL-5 (Weathers, et.al., 2013) | — |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Secondary study parameters are negative cognitions, avoidance behaviours, state anger, a sense of unrealness, therapeutic alliance, and accident-related stressors - Negative grief-related cognitions are assessed with the Grief Cognitions Questionnaire (GCQ; Boelen and Lensvelt-Mulders, 2005). - Self-efficacy is assessed with the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). - Avoidance is measured with the Depressive and Anxious Avoidance in Prolonged Grief Questionnaire (DAAPGQ; Boelen & van den Bout, 2010). - State anger is assessed with the 15-item state anger subscale of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2; Spielberger, 1999; Dutch version: Lievaart, Franken, & Hovens, 2016). - Quality of the therapeutic alliance is measured with the 12-item Work Alliance Inventory-Short Form, Client Version (WAI-SF; Horvath & Greenberg, 1982; Dutch version: Vertommen & Vervaeke, 1990). - Accident-related stressors are assessed with an instrument developed by the researchers. | — |
Contacts
Public ContactLonneke Lenferink
University of Groningen
Outcome results
None listed