Premenstrual Syndrome
Conditions
Keywords
Exercise Program, Premenstrual Syndrome, Quality of Life
Brief summary
This study aims to evaluate the effect of an integrated yoga and core stability exercises program on the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms and quality of life among nursing students.
Detailed description
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common health problem that affects women during the reproductive age. It is a menstrual disorder characterized by a cluster of physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms that manifest cyclically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and resolve rapidly within a few days of the onset of menstruation. University students are the most vulnerable group to the severe form of PMS due to poor sleep quality, unorganized dietary habits, high caffeine consumption, and chronic academic stress. Management of PMS usually includes both pharmacological and nonpharmacological modalities. Pharmacological interventions typically serve as the first line of defense for severe presentations. Physical exercise is one of the non-pharmacological interventions for management of PMS that is safe, highly effective and inexpensive. Regular physical activity stimulates the release of beta-endorphins (natural analgesics), reduces circulating cortisol levels, improves systemic blood flow and downregulates inflammatory processes
Interventions
BEHAVIORALexercises program
practice an integrated yoga and core stability exercises program for 60 minutes, 3 times/week, for 8 weeks.
Sponsors
Mansoura University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Each student will receive one training session in the maternity lab of the faculty, to provide information about the exercise as definition and advantages of the exercise and how to perform the core stability and yoga exercises.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
15 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Adolescent students Females aged 15- 25 years. 2. Have normal body mass index (20 - 29 kg/m2). 3. Have PMS symptoms that resolve within 4 days after the onset of menstruation. 4. Have at least 6 months of regular cycles (21-35 days and 4-7 days of blood flow). 5. Have a smartphone with WhatsApp application.
Exclusion criteria
* 1\. Presence of diabetes, mental and physical illness, or diagnosed psychological disorder. 2\. History of joint movement and muscle diseases. 3. History of endometriosis, pregnancy. 3. Participating in other exercise programs, being a licensed athlete, or use vitamin-mineral or herbal supplement. 4\. Adolescent students who consume painkillers or herbal medicines during the intervention or perform other non-pharmacological interventions.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Tool I: A Structured Interview Questionnaire | At baseline and during the week preceding menstruation at the first and second menstrual cycles following the intervention, corresponding to the 4-week post-intervention assessment and the 8-week follow-up assessment, respectively. | This tool will be developed by the researcher after reviewing the literature review (Cassioli et al.,2023; Mohamed, Habib, Gamal, \& Abu Setta, 2024; Şener, \& Özkan, 2026). It will consist of two parts: Part I: General characteristics of nursing students such as: (age, weight, height, educational class, residence and practicing exercise before the program.…etc). Part II: Menstrual history of nursing students: It will be used to assess the basic characteristics of menstrual cycle for each student such as: menarche age, frequency of menstrual cycle, duration of menstrual flow, amount of menstrual blood loss, number of pads per day, first experience of PMS, frequency of PMS, onset of pain at each period, total duration of pain in hours, and measures taken during each cycle to get relief from pain…etc). |
| Tool (II): Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) | At baseline, 4 weeks after the intervention, and 8 weeks after the intervention. | It will be adopted from Steiner, Macdougall, \& Brown. (2003). This tool is a 19-item questionnaire that uses the categorical Standardized Diagnostic (DSM) criteria associated with premenstrual symptoms (PMS) as a symptom rating scale, with degrees of severity. It is divided into two domains. The first domain includes 14 premenstrual symptoms such as; depression, anxiety, irritability, mood swings, decreased interest in activities, difficulties concentrating, exhaustion, eating changes, sleep disruptions, feeling overwhelmed, and physical symptoms. The PSST is interpreted using standardized diagnostic criteria rather than a total score. Each PSST item is rated on a four-point Likert-like scale (i.e., 0 'not at all', 1 'mild', 2 'moderate', and 3 'severe'). For the assessment of moderate to severe P |
| Tool (III): Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | At baseline and during the week preceding menstruation at the first and second menstrual cycles following the intervention, corresponding to the 4-week post-intervention assessment and the 8-week follow-up assessment, respectively. | It will be adopted from Crichton (2001) to assess the intensity of the student's pain. Scores are based on self-reported pain measurements that are recorded with a single hand-written mark placed at one point along a 10-cm line that represents a continuum between the two ends of the scale, they will be instructed to indicate their preference by pointing to the corresponding number on the line or by observing the expression of pain on their face, with "no pain" on the left end (0 cm) and the "worst pain" on the right end (10 cm).The Visual Analogue Scale is divided into three main sections; the first section graded from 1-3 cm, which represents mild pain; the second section rated from 4-7 cm, which represents moderate pain; and the third section graded from 8-10 cm, which repres |
| Tool (IV): Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36): | At baseline and during the week preceding menstruation at the first and second menstrual cycles following the intervention, corresponding to the 4-week post-intervention assessment and the 8-week follow-up assessment, respectively. | The researchers will adopt this scale, which was initially created by Ware \& Sherbourne.(1992). The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), a standardized, self-administered generic questionnaire designed to assess perceived physical and mental health. This tool is consisted of 36 items that cover eight health domains including: physical functioning (10 items), role limitations due to physical health (4 items), bodily pain (2 items), general health perceptions (5 items), vitality (4 items), social functioning (2 items), role limitations due to emotional problems (3 items), and mental health (5 items). The SF-36 will be scored according to the standard scoring manual. Each item will be coded, recoded when necessary, and transformed into a 0-100 scale. Scores will be calculated separately for the eight health domains: For each domain, item scores will be averaged after transformation, yielding a score ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life, |
Countries
Egypt
Contacts
CONTACTElshrqawy H Eman, Lecturer
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORElshrqawy H Eman, lecturer
Lecturer of woman's Health and Midwifery Nursing, faculty of nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt
Outcome results
None listed