Periodontitis
Conditions
Keywords
Resveratrol, Omega-3 fatty acid, Periodontitis, Non-surgical periodontal treatment, Clinical attachment level
Brief summary
This retrospective comparative study aims to evaluate the effects of resveratrol and omega-3 supplementation as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal treatment on clinical periodontal parameters in patients with periodontitis. A total of 60 systemically healthy, non-smoking patients will be evaluated and categorized into three groups according to their recorded supplementation status: a resveratrol group receiving non-surgical periodontal treatment plus resveratrol supplementation (n=20), an omega-3 group receiving non-surgical periodontal treatment plus omega-3 supplementation (n=20), and a non-supplemented control group receiving non-surgical periodontal treatment alone (n=20). Periodontal outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 1 and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment using probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing. The study aims to compare the clinical periodontal outcomes of the three groups and determine whether adjunctive resveratrol or omega-3 supplementation is associated with additional clinical benefits beyond non-surgical periodontal treatment alone.
Detailed description
The aim of this retrospective comparative study is to evaluate the clinical effects of resveratrol and omega-3 supplementation administered as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal treatment on periodontal clinical parameters in patients with periodontitis, and to compare these two adjunctive approaches both with non-supplemented non-surgical periodontal treatment and with each other. In addition to microbial dental biofilm, host inflammatory and immune responses play important roles in the progression of periodontitis. Therefore, periodontal treatment aims not only to reduce the microbial burden but also to control excessive inflammatory responses, promote the resolution of inflammation, and limit periodontal tissue destruction. In this context, adjunctive approaches with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties may contribute to improving the clinical outcomes of periodontal treatment. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the principal components of omega-3 fatty acids, may contribute to the resolution of inflammation and restoration of periodontal tissue homeostasis by modulating the production of inflammatory lipid mediators and promoting the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators, including resolvins, protectins, and maresins. Resveratrol, on the other hand, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and may contribute to the regulation of inflammatory responses through effects on NF-κB-related inflammatory signaling pathways, oxidative stress, and cellular signaling mechanisms. These properties provide a rationale for evaluating resveratrol and omega-3 supplementation as adjunctive approaches to non-surgical periodontal treatment. A total of 60 systemically healthy, non-smoking patients diagnosed with periodontitis were included in the study and categorized into three groups according to their recorded supplementation status, with 20 patients in each group. The first group consisted of patients who received resveratrol supplementation in addition to non-surgical periodontal treatment; the second group consisted of patients who received omega-3 supplementation in addition to non-surgical periodontal treatment; and the third group consisted of patients who received non-surgical periodontal treatment alone without additional supplementation. Patients who had received periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months, had used antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, or systemic corticosteroids within the previous 6 months, or had any systemic disease were excluded from the study. Periodontal clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and at 1 and 3 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment. The evaluated parameters included probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing. The study aims to compare the periodontal clinical outcomes among the three groups and to determine whether adjunctive resveratrol or omega-3 supplementation is associated with additional clinical benefits beyond those achieved with non-surgical periodontal treatment alone. Furthermore, the study aims to compare resveratrol and omega-3 supplementation with each other in terms of their associated clinical periodontal outcomes. This three-group comparison is intended to provide a comprehensive clinical evaluation of the potential contribution of these adjunctive supplementation approaches to periodontal treatment outcomes.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTtrans-resveratrol
Trans-resveratrol supplementation at a dose of 250 mg twice daily (500 mg/day total) during non-surgical periodontal treatment.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTOmega-3 (EPA+DHA)
Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation at a total daily dose of 1320 mg, including 640 mg EPA and 480 mg DHA, during non-surgical periodontal treatment.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTNo supplementation
Patients who underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment without receiving resveratrol or omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during the treatment period
Sponsors
Izmir Katip Celebi University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Presence of at least 20 natural permanent teeth, * Age between 18 and 65 years, * Non-smoker status, * No use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or systemic corticosteroids within the previous 6 months, * No known history of hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to resveratrol, omega-3 fatty acids, or dietary supplements containing these components, * No periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months, * Absence of any oral or other systemic disease, * Not being pregnant or lactating.
Exclusion criteria
* Presence of fewer than 20 natural permanent teeth, * Age younger than 18 years or older than 65 years, * Current smoking, * Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or systemic corticosteroids within the previous 6 months, * Known hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to resveratrol, omega-3 fatty acids, or dietary supplements containing these components, * Periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months, * Presence of any oral or systemic disease, * Pregnancy or lactation.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical attachment level (CAL) | Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months | Clinical attachment level (CAL) was measured in millimeters using a Williams periodontal probe as the distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the base of the periodontal pocket. In sites with gingival recession, the distance from the CEJ to the gingival margin was incorporated into the CAL measurement. Measurements were recorded at six sites per tooth: mesiobuccal/mesiolabial, mid-buccal/midlabial, distobuccal/distolabial, mesiolingual/mesiopalatal, mid-lingual/mid-palatal, and distolingual/distopalatal sites. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) | Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months | Probing pocket depth (PPD) was measured in millimeters using a Williams periodontal probe as the distance from the gingival margin to the base of the periodontal pocket. Measurements were recorded at six sites per tooth: mesiobuccal/mesiolabial, mid-buccal/midlabial, distobuccal/distolabial, mesiolingual/mesiopalatal, mid-lingual/mid-palatal, and distolingual/distopalatal sites. |
| Plaque Index (PI) | Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months | Plaque accumulation was assessed using the Plaque Index described by Silness and Löe (1964). Plaque scores were recorded at six sites per tooth: mesiobuccal/mesiolabial, mid-buccal/mid-labial, distobuccal/distolabial, mesiolingual/mesiopalatal, mid-lingual/mid-palatal, and distolingual/distopalatal sites. |
| Gingival Index (GI) | Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months | Gingival inflammation was assessed using the Gingival Index described by Löe and Silness (1963). Gingival Index scores were recorded at six sites per tooth: mesiobuccal/mesiolabial, mid-buccal/mid-labial, distobuccal/distolabial, mesiolingual/mesiopalatal, mid-lingual/mid-palatal, and distolingual/distopalatal sites. |
| Bleeding on Probing (BOP) | Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months | Gingival bleeding was assessed using the bleeding on probing method described by Ainamo and Bay (1975). The gingival crevice was gently probed, and sites showing bleeding within 10 seconds after probing were recorded as positive (+), whereas sites without bleeding within 10 seconds were recorded as negative (-). Gingival bleeding was assessed at four sites per tooth: mesiobuccal/mesiolabial, mid-buccal/mid-labial, distobuccal/distolabial, and mid-lingual/mid-palatal sites. The percentage of bleeding sites among the total number of examined sites was calculated. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
STUDY_DIRECTORMEHMET SAĞLAM, Professor
Izmir Katip Celebi University
Outcome results
None listed