Appetitive Traits, Eating in Absence of Hunger, Food Parenting
Conditions
Keywords
Eating in Absence of Hunger, Food parenting, Appetitive traits, Middle childhood
Brief summary
This is a single-visit study consisting of parent-child dyads attending a 2-hour session. The purpose of this research is to use the eating in absence of hunger (EAH) paradigm, to evaluate the association between parental EAH, food parenting, appetitive traits, and children EAH. It is hypothesized that both the parental EAH and the controlling food parenting will have a significant positive association with the children EAH. The results from this study will help us understand how food parenting, appetitive traits, and parental EAH influences the children EAH.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALEating in Absence of Hunger (EAH) paradigm
Participating dyads will be asked to eat until full at a standardized meal while being video and audio recorded. Dyads will then be separated and undergo a "taste test". This taste test introduces the EAH paradigm, whereas participants will be presented with 8 different highly palatable snack foods and seated activities. They are given 15 minutes of free time to eat and/or engage in these activities. They will be left alone during this time and are informed to not use electronic devices. Their Eating in Absence of Hunger energy intake will be measured by weighing the remaining snack foods. Multiple hunger, thirst, and liking forms throughout the paradigm. The nature of the EAH paradigm is not disclosed until the end of the session, where there is a formal debriefing.
Sponsors
State University of New York at Buffalo
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Masking description
While participants are not masked to condition (given there is only one condition) they are not fully informed on the study's true purpose until the end of the study session.
Intervention model description
All participants will participate in the intervention (Eating in absence of Hunger Paradigm).
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
5 Years to 99 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Parent/ guardian: * Age \> 18 years old. * Have a child between the ages of 5 - 11. * Must be responsible for feeding their eligible child at least 50% of the time. * Willing and able to eat the meal and snacks provided. * Fluent in English. Children: * If parent/ guardian is eligible and participating in the study. * Child is aged 5 - 11 years. * Child is not currently diagnosed with a clinical eating disorder (ED). * Willing and able to eat the meal and snacks provided. * Child is not on any medications or has any condition that could influence the child's taste, appetite, or olfactory sensory responsiveness.
Exclusion criteria
Parent/ guardian: * Age is \>18 years old. * Their child is determined ineligible (based on age). * Is responsible for feeding their eligible child \< 50% of the time. * Not fluent in English. * On medication that could influence their eating or feeding behaviors. * If the parent/ guardian is pregnant * Allergic or unable to eat the study food presented. * History of choking (without gagging). Children: * Their parent/ guardian is not eligible nor participating in the study. * Below the age of 5 and above the age of 11. * Current diagnosis of a clinical eating disorder (ED). * Allergic or unable to eat the study food presented. * Medications or conditions that could influence the child's taste, appetite, or olfactory sensory responsiveness. * History of choking (without gagging).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation between parent EAH intake and child EAH intake | Up to 120 minutes | Parent EAH intake will be measured by weighing the amount of snacks (in kcal) consumed at the parent EAH paradigm (0kcal to 2400kcal). Child EAH intake will be measured by weighing the amount of snacks (in kcal) consumed at the child EAH paradigm (0kcal to 2400kcal). Correlation will be assessed by comparing the parent EAH intake (kcal) and child EAH intake (kcal). If both parent EAH intake (kcal) and child EAH intake (kcal) are high/low, there exists a positive correlation between them. On the other hand, if parent EAH intake (kcal) is high and child EAH intake (kcal) is low or vice versa, there exists a negative correlation between them. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation between the parental pressure to eat score and child EAH intake | Up to 120 minutes | Child EAH intake will be measured as the amount of snacks consumed during the EAH paradigm (0-2,400 kcal). Parental pressure to eat score will be assessed using the Pressure to Eat subscale of the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) Questionnaire, with scores ranging from 1-5. Lower scores indicate less parental pressure to eat, while higher scores indicate greater parental pressure to eat. The correlation between child EAH intake and parental pressure to eat score will be assessed. A positive correlation indicates that higher parental pressure to eat score is associated with higher EAH intake, whereas a negative correlation indicates that higher parental pressure to eat score is associated with lower EAH intake. |
| Correlation between the parental restriction score and child EAH intake | Up to 120 minutes | Child EAH intake will be measured as the amount of snacks consumed during the EAH paradigm (0-2,400 kcal). Parental restriction score will be assessed using the restriction subscale of the Structure and Control in Parent Feeding (SCPF) Questionnaire, with scores ranging from 1-5. Lower scores indicate less parental restriction, while higher scores indicate greater parental restriction. The correlation between child EAH intake and parental restriction score will be assessed. A positive correlation indicates that higher parental restriction score is associated with higher EAH intake, whereas a negative correlation indicates that higher parental restricton score is associated with lower EAH intake. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORKatherine N Balantekin, PhD, RD
University at Buffalo
Outcome results
None listed