Speech Therapy for Children With Rare Genetic Conditions and Childhood Apraxia of Speech

Childhood Apraxia of Speech, Genetic Condition

Childhood apraxia of speech, Speech pathology, Speech therapy, Genetic, Genetic condition, Speech-language pathology, Motor speech

The goal of this trial is to learn if speech therapy can improve speech accuracy in children with rare genetic conditions and childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). This study will look at each child individually. Participants will complete 4-weeks of motor speech therapy (3 times per week) and will complete speech assessments before, during and after therapy to measure change. The motor speech therapy will be either Rapid Syllable Transition Treatment (ReST) or Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC). Assignment to ReST or DTTC will be based on the participant's age and speech ability. This trial will not compare ReST and DTTC.

This study uses a single case experimental design (SCED) approach with a multiple baseline design. Participants will be allocated to either speech movement therapy approach (Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing \[DTTC\] or Rapid Syllable Transition Treatment \[ReST\]) (based on clinical and speech characteristics). Each participant is allocated to one treatment only. Each participant will follow an A-B-F pattern as follows. A: Baseline: Within each group, participants will be randomly allocated to baseline lengths of 3, 4 or 5 probes (i.e., providing experimental control). Baseline probes will be collected twice per week (i.e., baseline duration will run from 1.5 to 2.5 weeks) B: Treatment: All participants will complete a 4-week treatment block (3 sessions per week) with a qualified speech pathologist. F: Follow-up: Maintenance probes will be completed at 1 week, 4 weeks and 8 weeks post-treatment. Speech outcomes are measured repeatedly during baseline, treatment and follow-up to examine level, trend and maintenance of change over time. The primary objective is to examine the efficacy of currently utilised speech treatments (i.e., DTTC, ReST) on accuracy of trained speech targets in children with CAS and rare genetic conditions. Secondary objectives: * To measure change in accuracy of untrained speech targets (generalisation) * To measure change in connected speech intelligibility * To measure change in functional communication (e.g., parent-reported communication and intelligibility) * To explore parent satisfaction with the intervention and perceived impact on participation and quality of life This trial anticipates n=20 participants, approximately n=10 per treatment group (DTTC, ReST) each contributing to a multiple baseline SCED. Once consented, the individual estimated duration is 4 months: * \< 3 weeks for multiple baseline probes * 4 weeks of treatment (incl. weekly probes) * 8 weeks for follow-up/maintenance probes Treatment: * Intensive speech movement treatment delivered 3x/week for 4 weeks (12x 45-60 minute sessions). * Established DTTC or ReST protocols will be followed. These treatments are manualised. Fidelity will be monitored via checklists and session recordings, with oversight from the CI * Individualised target word sets will be based on each child's phonetic/phonotactic profile (i.e., the sounds and syllable structures they can and cannot produce) * Speech probe assessments collected at each baseline, weekly during treatment, and at 1-, 4- and 8- weeks post-treatment

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