Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)
Conditions
Keywords
Type 2 Diabetes, Diabetic Foot, Digital Education, Foot Care Education, Self-Care Behavior, Self-Efficacy
Brief summary
This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effect of digital-supported foot care education on foot care knowledge, self-care behaviors, and self-efficacy in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A total of 90 participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=45) or a control group (n=45). Participants in the intervention group will receive structured foot care education supported by videos and visual materials accessible through QR codes, together with hands-on training using a diabetic foot model. Participants in the control group will receive standard care. Foot care knowledge, self-care behaviors, and foot care self-efficacy will be assessed before and after the intervention. The study aims to determine whether digital-supported foot care education is effective in improving these outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDigital-Supported Foot Care Education
Participants will receive two individual face-to-face foot care education sessions, each lasting 20-25 minutes. The education will include practical demonstrations using a diabetic foot model and will be supported by video and visual materials accessible via QR codes. Participants will be encouraged to access the digital materials at least twice a week for four weeks. During this period, regular reminders will be provided via text messages and/or telephone calls to support continued engagement with the educational materials.
Sponsors
Siirt University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to ICD-10 criteria for at least 6 months. * Age 18 years or older. * Stable general health condition. * No condition that would prevent communication or understanding of the education, including severe cognitive, hearing, or speech impairment. * Ability to communicate in Turkish and sufficient cognitive ability to understand the education. * Voluntary participation and provision of written informed consent. * Ability to access video and visual educational materials via QR codes either independently or with the assistance of a relative/caregiver.
Exclusion criteria
* Previous participation in a structured diabetic foot care education program. * Presence of an active diabetic foot ulcer or a history of amputation. * Presence of a serious neurological or orthopedic condition, other than diabetes-related conditions, that may directly affect foot care. * Anticipated inability to regularly participate in the planned education and follow-up procedures. * Presence of an acute complication of diabetes requiring emergency clinical intervention.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Diabetic Foot Care Knowledge | Baseline and at the end of Week 4 | Diabetic foot care knowledge will be assessed using the Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale. The scale consists of 5 items, with total scores ranging from 0 to 5. Higher scores indicate a higher level of diabetic foot care knowledge. Change in scores from baseline to the end of the 4-week intervention period will be evaluated. |
| Change in Diabetic Foot Self-Care Behavior | Baseline and at the end of Week 4 | Diabetic foot self-care behavior will be assessed using the Diabetic Foot Self-Care Behavior Scale. The scale consists of 7 items, with total scores ranging from 7 to 35. Higher scores indicate better diabetic foot self-care behavior. Change in scores from baseline to the end of Week 4 will be evaluated. |
| Change in Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy | Baseline and at the end of Week 4 | Diabetic foot care self-efficacy will be assessed using the Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale. The scale consists of 9 items rated from 0 (not at all confident) to 10 (very confident). Higher scores indicate greater diabetic foot care self-efficacy. Change in scores from baseline to the end of Week 4 will be evaluated. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
CONTACTZeliha Büyükbayram Genç, PhD
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORZeliha Büyükbayram Genç, PhD
Siirt University
Outcome results
None listed