Root Canal Therapy
Conditions
Keywords
second mesiobuccal canal, permanent maxillary first molar, pediatric dentistry, root canal therapy, microscopy, ultrasonics, cone-beam computed tomography
Brief summary
This study examined how often an additional root canal, known as the second mesiobuccal canal (MB2), could be found in the upper first permanent molars of children aged 10-15 years. During root canal treatment, an endodontist followed a step-by-step approach using a standard clinical examination, magnifying loupes, a dental microscope, and, when clinically necessary, three-dimensional dental imaging. The study evaluated how much each step contributed to locating and confirming the canal.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTStepwise MB2 Clinical Confirmation Protocol
The MB2 canal was assessed sequentially using: Stage 1, direct clinical examination without magnification; Stage 2, selective dentin removal under dental loupes at ×4 magnification using ultrasonic instrumentation; Stage 3, selective dentin removal under a dental operating microscope at ×16 magnification; and Stage 4, clinically indicated CBCT assessment followed, when radiographic evidence of an MB2 canal was observed, by CBCT-guided re-examination under the dental operating microscope. Clinical confirmation required identification of an orifice separate from the MB1 canal and negotiation of the canal to the working length.
Sponsors
Sümeyra Akkoç
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
10 Years to 15 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Pediatric patients aged 10-15 years requiring primary root canal treatment of a permanent maxillary first molar * A clinically and radiographically restorable study tooth * "Positive" or "definitely positive" behavior according to the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale * No systemic condition contraindicating the planned endodontic treatment * No known hypersensitivity to the local anesthetics, irrigation solutions, or other materials used during treatment * Written informed consent provided by a parent or legal guardian
Exclusion criteria
* Previous root canal treatment or endodontic intervention involving the study tooth * Presence of a vertical root fracture, root resorption, or pre-existing perforation in the study tooth
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cumulative Clinical Confirmation Yield of MB2 Canals | Periprocedural (at completion of the stepwise MB2 clinical confirmation protocol during root canal treatment) | Proportion of all treated teeth in which an MB2 canal met the predefined clinical confirmation criteria by the end of the stepwise protocol. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Initial Clinical Confirmation Yield During Direct Clinical Examination | Periprocedural (immediately after completion of Stage 1 direct clinical examination during root canal treatment) | Proportion of all treated teeth in which an MB2 canal was clinically confirmed during Stage 1 by direct clinical examination without magnification. |
| Incremental Clinical Confirmation Yield Under Dental Loupes | Periprocedural (immediately after completion of Stage 2 selective dentin removal under magnifying dental loupes during root canal treatment) | Proportion of all treated teeth in which an MB2 canal was first clinically confirmed during Stage 2 following selective dentin removal under dental loupes at ×4 magnification. |
| Incremental Clinical Confirmation Yield Under a Dental Operating Microscope | Periprocedural (immediately after completion of Stage 3 selective dentin removal under a dental operating microscope during root canal treatment) | Proportion of all treated teeth in which an MB2 canal was first clinically confirmed during Stage 3 following selective dentin removal under a dental operating microscope at ×16 magnification. |
| Incremental Clinical Confirmation Yield Following CBCT-Guided Re-examination | Periprocedural (immediately after completion of Stage 4 clinically indicated CBCT-guided re-examination during root canal treatment) | Proportion of all treated teeth in which an MB2 canal was first clinically confirmed during Stage 4 following clinically indicated CBCT-guided re-examination. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed