Dissecting Immunological and Autoimmune Mechanisms of Neuropsychiatric Diseases

Status

Not yet recruiting

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Observational

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT07791212

Acronym

DIAMOND

Enrollment

300

Registered

2026-08-27

Start date

2026-10-01

Completion date

2036-10-01

Last updated

2026-08-27

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Neuropsychiatric Symptom

Keywords

Neuropsychiatric Symptom, Neuroimmunology, Inflammation, Autoantibody, Autoimmune Encephalitis, Psychosis, LGI1, NMDAR, Catatonia, Lupus, Antipsychotic

Brief summary

The goal of this observational cohort study is to investigate the role of immune system in neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and to identify immunological biomarkers that may improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and future treatment of immune-related neuropsychiatric disorders in individuals aged 16-100 years with suspected immune-mediated neuropsychiatric symptoms and matched control participants without neuropsychiatric symptoms. The main questions it aims to answer are what immunological mechanisms are associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms across a range of neurological, psychiatric, autoimmune, infectious, and inflammatory conditions. Also, if immunological biomarkers can be identified that may support the diagnosis, prognosis, and future treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders in which the immune system may play a role. Participants will provide a blood sample for immunological analysis and may optionally provide a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample if a suitable previously collected sample is not available. Researchers may also analyse existing clinical and biological samples where available. Participants will provide demographic and clinical information, allow access to relevant medical record data, and may optionally provide additional blood samples, up to four times within one year, for further biomarker and immunological analyses.

Interventions

None listed

Study design

Observational model

COHORT

Time perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

16 Years to 100 Years

Healthy volunteers

Yes

Inclusion criteria

Participants with Neuropsychiatric symptoms * Age 16-100. * Current or previous neuropsychiatric symptoms within the last year. * Suspicion of immunological contribution to the aetiology of their neuropsychiatric symptoms. Control Participants * Age 16-100. * No current or previous self-report of neuropsychiatric symptoms within the last year. Optional Lumbar Puncture only: \- Documented full blood count within the last 3 months with no clinically significant abnormalities.

Exclusion criteria

All Participants: * Unacceptable risk of harm to participant or study staff due to risk of behavioural disturbance. * Inability to have blood tests. Optional Lumbar Puncture only: * Significant lower spinal deformity (such as spina bifida), injury, or disease (such as stenosis) or previous lower spinal surgery. * Antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy within the 14 days prior to Lumbar Puncture procedure. * Known or suspected clotting disorder. * Clinically significant abnormality in full blood count. * Known or suspected raised intracranial pressure, assessed by study clinician. * Known or suspected allergy to local anaesthetic agent or an ingredient of the anaesthetic solution. * History of chronic or recurrent headaches, in the opinion of the investigator.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
Neuronal Autoantibodies	From enrolment through to 1 year of follow-up.	Differences in the prevalence, subtype, and functional characteristics of neuronal autoantibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid between participants with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and matched control participants.

Countries

United Kingdom

Outcome results