The Effect of Online Laughter Yoga Combined With Psychoeducation on Perceived Stress and Career Anxiety Among Nursing Students
Conditions
Keywords
laughter yoga, psychoeducation, psychiatric nursing, nursing students
Brief summary
.This randomized controlled study evaluated the effects of online laughter yoga and a structured psychoeducational program on perceived stress and career anxiety among nursing students undertaking clinical placements. The study employed a three-arm, randomized, controlled pre-test-post-test design. A total of 60 nursing students were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to the laughter yoga, psychoeducation, or control group, with 20 participants in each group. Both active interventions were delivered online twice weekly for four weeks. Data were collected using a Sociodemographic Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Short Form of the Adult Career Concerns Scale. Changes in perceived stress and career anxiety over time were evaluated across the three study groups. The primary statistical analysis used a linear mixed-effects model, with supplementary analyses including mixed-effects analysis of variance, post-hoc comparisons, and analysis of covariance. Keywords: laughter yoga, psychoeducation, psychiatric nursing, nursing students
Interventions
BEHAVIORALLaughter Yoga Programme
The programme began with an introductory session and basic techniques, followed by intermediate-level laughter exercises, energy-boosting activities, group interaction and emotional release exercises; it concluded with consolidation and closing sessions. The content consisted of a combination of deep yoga breathing exercises and unconditional (unprompted) laughter techniques.
BEHAVIORALPsychoeducational Programme
A structured psychoeducational programme delivered online over 4 weeks, comprising 2 sessions per week (8 sessions in total, 40-60 minutes per session), covering the topics of stress, coping strategies, emotion regulation and career awareness.
Sponsors
Okan University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Intervention model description
Participants were randomly assigned via computer-generated block randomization to three parallel groups (Laughter Yoga, Psychoeducation, Control) in a 1:1:1 ratio, with each group receiving its intervention concurrently.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Be a student on the nursing programme * Be aged 18 or over * Agree to participate in the study on a voluntary basis * Have internet access and a suitable device (mobile phone/computer) to take part in the online sessions * Complete the data collection tools in full
Exclusion criteria
* Failure to attend sessions regularly during the study * Filling in data collection forms incompletely or incorrectly * Being in another psychoeducation or stress reduction program at the same time * Having a psychiatric diagnosis and being actively receiving treatment * Wishing to withdraw from the research during the study period
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived Stress Scale | Baseline and 4 weeks after the start of the intervention | The Perceived Stress Scale is a 10-item scale assessing perceived stress during the previous month. Each item is scored from 0 to 4, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stress. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Adult Career Anxiety Scale - Short Form | Baseline (pre-test) and at the end of the 4-week intervention (post-test) | A 9-item scale assessing career anxiety across four subdimensions: Exploration, Establishment, Maintenance, and Disengagement. The total score ranges from 9 to 45, with higher scores indicating higher levels of career anxiety. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORRaife 1 Aşık, 1
Okan University
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORRaife AŞIK, 1
Okan University
Outcome results
None listed