Transtheoretical Model Counseling in Postpartum Contraception

Birth Control Behavior, Reproductive Health Attitude

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of contraceptive method counseling offered to primiparous women between the ages of 18-45 in the postpartum period by motivational interviewing method based on the Transtheoretic model, on the use of contraceptive methods.

Family planning (FP) is a practice that allows individuals to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancies, to regulate the period between pregnancies, to have children whenever and however they want, and to allow individuals who cannot have children to have children. Contraceptive methods make significant contributions to the protection and improvement of women's and children's health, as well as the health of society, by preventing excessive fertility, which negatively affects the health of mothers and babies. Therefore, effective provision of FP services makes significant contributions to the health of both women, children and society. Unmet FP services can cause unwanted pregnancies, which can be a significant medical, social and sociological problem. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 75 million unintended pregnancies occur annually, and 65% of these pregnant women either do not use any contraceptive method or use a traditional method. An average of 25 million unsafe abortions occur annually and approximately 47,000 women die for this reason. According to the results of the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey 2018 (TDHS 2018), only 49% of women in Turkey use a modern contraceptive method, while 30% do not. they do not use any method and 12% of women have unmet need for FP services (TNSA 2018). The use of modern methods in Turkey The relatively low number of FP services and the high number of unmet FP services still pose a significant problem in terms of women's health. Various complications such as uteroplacental bleeding, rupture, preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth and maternal abortion increase in women who become pregnant again less than 12 months after birth. If couples could extend pregnancy intervals beyond 2 years, 30% of maternal deaths and 10% of child deaths would be reduced. It is stated that it can be prevented. The unmet need for FP in women in the postpartum period is higher than in all married women. The postpartum period requires women to cope with increased stress, financial hardship, and the challenges of caring for their infants and older children. These difficulties may cause women to neglect their own health care. Although women are willing to use a contraceptive method, they may not be able to choose the appropriate method because they are not conscious of which method to use. For this reason, contraceptive method counseling given to women in the postpartum period is of great importance. The Transtheoretic Model is a model of intentional change and focuses on the individual's decision-making process. According to the model, in order to direct the desired behavioral change, it is necessary to take initiatives appropriate to the stages of change that the individual is in. In this study, the effect of contraceptive method counseling based on the Transtheoretical model on postpartum women between the ages of 18-45 will be evaluated.

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Turkey (Türkiye)