Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Conditions
Keywords
myofascial pain syndrome, TENS therapy, kinesiology taping, exercise
Brief summary
Cervical MPS is a condition of pain, weakness and loss of function caused by trigger points located in the tense bands in the muscles in the neck and upper back. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are used in the treatment of MPS. Although different treatment methods are used for MPS today, there is no proven treatment method to be superior to others. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of exercise therapy, kinesiology taping and TENS therapy on pain, muscle strength and functional status in patients with cervical myofascial pain syndrome.
Detailed description
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a non-inflammatory musculoskeletal disease characterized by the presence of hyperirritable palpable trigger points accompanied by pain and muscle stiffness. Main signs and symptoms of MPS; pain, spasm, decrease in joint range of motion, difficulty in daily living activities and deterioration in quality of life. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are used in the treatment of MPS. Among non-pharmacological treatments, postural and mechanical modifications, exercises, stress reduction, electrotherapy methods, regional cold and hot application, local anesthetic injections, kinesiological taping, acupuncture and dry needling can be preferred. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of exercise therapy, kinesiology taping and TENS therapy on pain, muscle strength and functional status in patients with cervical myofascial pain syndrome.
Interventions
OTHERhome-based exercises
Exercise therapy is one of the most commonly used conservative treatment methods in the cervical MAS treatment protocol. Patients in the first group will be given trunk stabilization training, scapular adductor muscle strengthening, cervical posterior tilt, and stretching exercises for neck rotators, scalene muscles, levator scapula muscle, upper trapezius muscle, posterior cervical and suboccipital muscles. Among these exercises, it will be said that the strengthening exercises should be done in 2 sets of 30 repetitions a day, and the stretching exercises should be done in 2 sets of 10 repetitions. These exercises will be given as a home program and you will be asked to practice them every day for 4 weeks.
DEVICETENS
TENS is an electric current applied with superficial electrodes placed on the skin and used to relieve pain. Conventional (Traditional) TENS is the most commonly used type. It affects the transmission of pain on the gate control theory by affecting the thick, myelinated, afferent A alpha and beta fibers. The effect of conventional TENS begins in 30 minutes and disappears within approximately 2 hours after treatment is stopped. TENS will be applied to the patients in the second group with a Bio-Stim brand VH-1000 model TENS device in the form of symmetrical, biphasic quadrilateral pulses for 100 msec. Frequency is 60 Hertz (Hz), intensity will be adjusted according to the patient's perception of paresthesia. The negative electrode will be placed on the active trigger point on the upper trapezius muscle and the positive electrode on the acromial tendon. The total duration of the application will be 20 minutes and 1 session will be applied every day for two weeks, a total of 10 sessions.
DEVICEkinesiology taping
Kinesiology taping has a wide range of indications, especially in the musculoskeletal system. It is used to protect against tissue damage in the musculoskeletal system and to treat existing injuries, injuries, pain and dysfunctions. Patients who receive kinesiology taping treatment will receive treatment six times in total for three weeks, with 3-day intervals. After the patient is allowed to sit comfortably on the chair, taping will be performed between the acromioclavicular joint and the C7 spinous process using the upper trapezius inhibition technique. In addition, a small kinesiological taping test will be applied to the patient's volar forearm as a rapid allergy screening test to prevent any dermatological allergic reaction.
Sponsors
Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Being between the ages of 18-65 and diagnosed with cervical MAS according to the major and minor diagnostic criteria defined by Travel and Simons.
Exclusion criteria
* Those diagnosed with myofascial syndrome and receiving medical treatment and physical therapy * Those diagnosed with myofascial syndrome and taking an exercise program * Those diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome * Skin disease and edema in the area to be applied * Kinesiology tape allergy * Neurological diseases (Epilepsy, stroke, upper motor neuron lesions) * People using pacemakers * Hypertension and diabetes that cannot be controlled with medication * Any fracture pathology involving the upper extremity and cervical region, * Other cervical pathologies that may cause neck pain other than MAS * Pregnancy * Cognitive dysfunction and poor cooperation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) | Baseline, immediately after treatment, and 4 weeks after treatment completion | Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale. Participants rated their pain separately at rest and during activity on a 10-cm horizontal line ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents "the worst imaginable pain." Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity and therefore a worse outcome. |
| Ultrasound Elastography | Baseline, immediately after treatment, and 4 weeks after treatment completion | The last step of the high development rate in ultrasonography technology is ultrasound elastography (UE). UE is a technological advance that can directly measure the mechanical properties of tissue, including muscle stiffness. Elasticity; It is the ability of a tissue to be deformed by an external force and to return to its previous shape and size when this force is removed. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Range of Motion (ROM) | Baseline, immediately after treatment, and 4 weeks after treatment completion | Cervical ROM, flexion, extension, right rotation, left rotation, right lateral flexion, left lateral flexion measurements during active movement will be measured with a goniometer device and recorded in degrees. |
| Neck Disability Index (NDI) | Baseline, immediately after treatment, and 4 weeks after treatment completion | Neck Disability Index is a scale consisting of 10 questions and used to evaluate how and to what extent neck pain affects the patient's daily life activities. Scale; It includes pain severity, self-care, lifting, reading, headache, concentration, driving, sleep and social activity parameters. Patients were asked to mark the one that was most suitable for them among the 6 options given for each parameter. Each topic is scored from 0 (no disability) to 5 (complete disability). The total score ranges from 0 (no disability) to 50 (total disability). After the total score is obtained, the value calculated according to the formulation is finalized as % deficiency. As the score increases, disability increases, and as the score decreases, disability decreases. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
STUDY_DIRECTORSibel Çağlar
Outcome results
None listed