Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Prevention, community health worker, family health history, Chinese American, genetics
Brief summary
This study evaluated a culturally and linguistically tailored cancer prevention program delivered by trained Chinese American community health workers to Chinese American adults in Texas. The program focused on breast, colorectal, gastric, liver, and lung cancers and used family health history to provide personalized education and navigation. The study examined whether the program could improve participants' cancer-related knowledge, family health history communication, preventive behaviors, cancer screening, and use of genetic services. The investigators hypothesized that participants would show improvements in these outcomes after receiving the program compared with before the program.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALFamily Health History-Based Cancer Prevention and Navigation Program
Trained Chinese American community health workers delivered a culturally and linguistically tailored, family health history-based cancer prevention and navigation program to Chinese American adults in Texas. Participants received individualized education about breast, colorectal, gastric, liver, and lung cancer; guidance on how to collect and understand their cancer family health history; and personalized recommendations based on their reported cancer risks and health behaviors. When appropriate, participants were encouraged to discuss their risk with healthcare providers, complete recommended cancer screening, and seek genetic counseling or other genetic services.
Sponsors
Texas A&M University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Self-identified as Chinese Americans; aged 18 or above; who could speak, listen, read, and write Mandarin Chinese; who lived in Texas; and who agreed to receive the intervention provided by community health workers
Exclusion criteria
* None specified
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline in Cancer Family Health History Communication Behaviors at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported how often they learned about and discussed their cancer family health history with family members and healthcare providers. Items were rated from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher scores indicate more frequent family health history communication. |
| Change from Baseline in Completion of Recommended Cancer Screening at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Average-risk participants reported whether they had completed recommended cancer screenings. Screening completion was coded as yes or no based on whether the participant met the applicable screening recommendation. |
| Change from Baseline in Cigarette Smoking at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants who reported smoking indicated the average number of cigarettes smoked per day. Lower values indicate lower tobacco consumption. |
| Change from Baseline in Moderate Aerobic Exercise at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported the average number of minutes of moderate aerobic exercise performed per week. Higher values indicate more physical activity. |
| Change from Baseline in Alcohol Consumption at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported the average number of alcoholic drinks consumed per week. One drink was defined as approximately 12 oz of beer, 5 oz of wine, or 1.5 oz of spirits. Lower values indicate lower alcohol consumption. |
| Change from Baseline in Fruit and Vegetable Intake at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported average daily fruit and vegetable intake using an 8-category scale ranging from 1 (less than 0.5 cup per day) to 8 (4 cups or more per day). Higher scores indicate greater fruit and vegetable intake. |
| Change from Baseline in Consumption of Meat and Preserved Foods at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported average weekly consumption of red meat, processed meat, salty foods, preserved foods, and high-temperature cooked meat. Consumption was expressed as the number of palm-sized servings per week, with one palm-sized serving representing approximately 3 ounces of food. Lower values indicate lower consumption. |
| Change from Baseline in Cancer-Related Cooking Practices at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported the frequency of cancer-related cooking practices, including high-temperature cooking, deep frying, and use of an Asian-style kitchen range hood. Items were rated from 1 (never) to 5 (always). |
| Change from Baseline in Cancer-Related Chemical Exposures at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Participants reported the frequency of environmental and occupational exposures to chemicals associated with lung and liver cancer. Items were rated from 1 (never) to 5 (always). Higher scores indicate more frequent exposure. |
| Change from Baseline in Body Mass Index at 3 Months | Baseline and 3 months after the intervention | Body mass index was calculated from participant-reported height and weight as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (kg/m\^2). |
| Number of High-Risk Participants Who Used Genetic Services by 3 Months | 3 months after the intervention | Among participants identified as having increased cancer risk based on their reported family health history, this outcome measured the number who reported visiting a genetics provider for genetic counseling, genetic risk evaluation, or genetic testing within three months after the intervention. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Participant Satisfaction With the Cancer Prevention and Navigation Program | Immediately after the intervention | Participants rated their satisfaction with the cancer prevention services provided by their community health worker on a 4-point scale from 1 (very unsatisfied) to 4 (very satisfied). Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction. |
| Change from Baseline in Cancer Family Health History Knowledge After the Intervention and at 3 Months | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention | Participants answered questions assessing cancer family health history knowledge and cancer risk. Each correct response was coded as 1, and incorrect or "not sure" responses were coded as 0. The mean of the item scores was calculated, resulting in a score ranging from 0 to 1. Higher scores indicate greater knowledge. |
| Change from Baseline in Cancer Family Health History and Cancer Screening Awareness After the Intervention and at 3 Months | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention | Participants rated their awareness of communicating cancer family health history and cancer screenings. Items were rated from 1 (never heard of it) to 4 (have heard of it). Higher scores indicate greater awareness. |
| Change from Baseline in Attitudes Toward Cancer Family Health History and Cancer Screening After the Intervention and at 3 Months | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention | Participants rated their attitudes toward communicating cancer family health history and taking recommended cancer screenings. Items were rated from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). Higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes. |
| Change from Baseline in Intention to Engage in Cancer Family Health History Communication and Cancer Screening After the Intervention and at 3 Months | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention | Participants rated their intention to communicate their cancer family health history and follow recommended cancer screenings. Items were rated from 1 (very unlikely) to 4 (very likely). Higher scores indicate stronger intention. |
| Change from Baseline in Cancer Family Health History Communication and Cancer Screening Self-Efficacy After the Intervention and at 3 Months | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention | Participants rated their confidence in communicating cancer family health history and following cancer screening recommendations. Items were rated from 0 (not confident at all) to 10 (completely confident). Higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy. |
Countries
United States
Outcome results
None listed