Exercise Physiology
Conditions
Keywords
free triiodothyronine; free thyroxine; thyroid-stimulating hormone; high-intensity interval exercise; Wingate anaerobic test; soccer; acute endocrine response
Brief summary
This interventional single-arm pre-post study aimed to investigate the acute effects of repeated Wingate exercise on free thyroid hormone responses in male amateur soccer players. Twenty healthy male amateur soccer players aged 19-22 years completed a standardized repeated Wingate exercise protocol. Blood samples were collected immediately before and after exercise to determine serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. The study evaluated the immediate endocrine responses to repeated high-intensity anaerobic exercise and their potential implications for exercise physiology and thyroid hormone regulation.
Detailed description
High-intensity anaerobic exercise induces acute physiological and endocrine responses that contribute to metabolic regulation and athletic performance. Thyroid hormones, including free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4), play essential roles in energy metabolism, oxygen consumption, and exercise adaptation. However, the immediate effects of repeated supramaximal exercise on thyroid hormone responses remain insufficiently understood. This single-arm pre-post interventional study was designed to evaluate the acute effects of repeated Wingate exercise on serum free thyroid hormone concentrations in male amateur soccer players. Twenty healthy male amateur soccer players aged 19-22 years participated in the study. Participants completed a standardized repeated Wingate exercise protocol under controlled laboratory conditions. Venous blood samples were collected immediately before and immediately after exercise to determine serum concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Hormone analyses were performed using standardized laboratory procedures. The primary objective was to determine whether repeated Wingate exercise produces acute alterations in circulating free thyroid hormone concentrations. The findings of this study are expected to improve the understanding of endocrine responses to repeated high-intensity anaerobic exercise and to contribute to exercise physiology and sports medicine by clarifying the relationship between maximal anaerobic exercise and thyroid function in trained athletes.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALRepeated Wingate Exercise
Participants completed a standardized repeated Wingate exercise protocol under controlled laboratory conditions to investigate the acute effects of high-intensity anaerobic exercise on thyroid hormone responses. Venous blood samples were collected immediately before and immediately after the exercise session to measure serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations.
Sponsors
Inonu University
İnönü University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Masking description
No masking was used in this study. All participants received the same repeated Wingate exercise intervention, and outcome measurements were performed before and immediately after the intervention using a single-group pre-post study design. Neither participants nor investigators were blinded because the exercise intervention and blood sample collection required direct participant involvement.
Intervention model description
This study used a single-group pre-post design in which all participants received the same repeated Wingate exercise intervention. Serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations were measured immediately before and immediately after the exercise protocol to evaluate the acute effects of repeated high-intensity anaerobic exercise on thyroid hormone responses.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
19 Years to 22 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
- Male amateur soccer players. * Age between 19 and 22 years. * Apparently healthy and free from acute or chronic disease. * Regular participation in amateur soccer training. * Willingness to participate and provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
- History of thyroid disease or endocrine disorders. * Current use of medications or supplements known to affect thyroid function or hormonal responses. * Acute illness or musculoskeletal injury at the time of testing. * Failure to complete the repeated Wingate exercise protocol or all required blood sample collections.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Serum Free Thyroid Hormone Concentrations (fT3, fT4, and TSH) | Immediately before and immediately after the repeated Wingate exercise session | The primary outcome was the change in serum free thyroid hormone concentrations, including free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), measured immediately before and immediately after the repeated Wingate exercise protocol. Hormone concentrations were determined from venous blood samples to evaluate the acute endocrine response to repeated high-intensity anaerobic exercise. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed