Aerobic Endurance, Passing Performance, Small-Sided Games Training, Soccer Performance
Conditions
Brief summary
Soccer requires players to combine physical fitness with technical skills throughout a match. Small-sided games (SSG) are modified soccer training sessions played with fewer players and reduced pitch dimensions. These training formats are widely used because they simulate match situations while providing high physical and technical demands. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate whether an eight-week SSG training program improves aerobic endurance and passing performance in adolescent male soccer players. Eighteen licensed youth soccer players were randomly assigned to either an SSG training group or a control group. Both groups continued their regular soccer training, while the SSG group additionally performed structured small-sided game sessions three times per week for eight weeks. Aerobic endurance was evaluated using the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1), and passing performance was assessed using the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). These measurements were obtained before and after the intervention. The primary objective of the study was to compare changes in aerobic endurance and passing performance between the SSG and control groups. It was hypothesized that participation in the structured SSG program would result in greater improvements in both outcomes compared with regular soccer training alone. The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence supporting the use of structured small-sided games as an effective and time-efficient training strategy for improving both physical fitness and technical performance in adolescent soccer players.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSmall-Sided Games Training
Participants performed structured small-sided games (SSG) training three times per week for eight weeks in addition to their regular soccer training. The intervention included 2v2, 3v3, and 4v4 game formats with progressively modified pitch dimensions and tactical constraints to improve aerobic endurance and passing performance.
BEHAVIORALRegular Soccer Training
Participants continued their routine soccer training program without exposure to structured small-sided games during the study period.
Sponsors
Istanbul Gelisim University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
17 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Male soccer players aged 17 to 18 years. * Licensed amateur soccer players with at least five years of organized soccer experience. * Regular participation in team training sessions. * No serious musculoskeletal injury within the previous six months. * No chronic neurological, cardiovascular, or musculoskeletal conditions that could affect participation or performance. * Provided written informed consent (and parental/legal guardian consent where applicable).
Exclusion criteria
* Serious musculoskeletal injury during the study period. * Absence from more than two scheduled training sessions. * Voluntary withdrawal from the study at any time. * Failure to complete the pre-intervention or post-intervention outcome assessments. * Any medical condition preventing safe participation in high-intensity soccer training.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Aerobic Endurance (Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 Distance) | Baseline and Week 8 | Aerobic endurance was assessed using the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1). The primary outcome was the total distance covered (meters) during the test. Higher values indicate better aerobic endurance. |
| Passing Performance (Loughborough Soccer Passing Test) | Baseline and Week 8 | Passing performance was evaluated using the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). The primary outcome was the total test completion time (seconds), including penalty time. Lower values indicate better passing performance. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed