Insomnia, Loneliness
Conditions
Keywords
WiSE, Older adults, Loneliness, Insomnia
Brief summary
Sleep hygiene education is an educational effort to teach healthy sleep habits and behaviors to improve sleep quality, duration, and regularity naturally without the use of medication; however, this approach has not been established in Indonesia. This study aims to establish a sleep hygiene education care model among lonely older adults with insomnia in Indonesia and to examine the immediate effects of the WISE Study (WhatsApp Intervention for Sleep in the Elderly) led by nurses to older adults loneliness with insomnia using a Digital Booklet. In this assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, participants will be randomly allocated to either the nurse-led WISE experimental group or the control group provided with usual care. The outcomes will include sleep parameters measured using the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep diaries. The questionnaires will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. Generalized estimating equations will be used to test the research hypotheses. Questionnaires will be assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and one-month follow-up. We hypothesized that older adults who were loneliness with insomnia who underwent nurse-led WISE would experience greater improvements in sleep quality compared to participants in a control group who received usual care.
Interventions
OTHERNurse-led WiSE intervention group
Upon arrival at the initial meeting, participants will receive a workbook containing an overview and content of WISE, including sleep disorders, symptoms, causes of insomnia, sleep hygiene, and relaxation. At the beginning of the intervention and at the end of the fourth week after the intervention, an interventional nurse will meet with participants to assess their Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and sleep diary. From week 1 to week 4, participants will receive daily education via WhatsApp.
Sponsors
Halu Oleo University
Chulalongkorn University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Elderly individuals diagnosed with loneliness * Reported experiencing sleep disturbances in the past 2 weeks, either continuously or intermittently * Experiencing insomnia with a total score of ≥ 8 on the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) during screening * Able to communicate in Indonesian
Exclusion criteria
* Elderly individuals with dementia, delirium, severe mental retardation, or cognitive impairment that prevents them from understanding or assessing their own sleep experience. * Currently using new sleeping medication/stimulants
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in Insomnia Severity | At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up) | Insomnia severity will be measured using the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The ISI has seven questions to assess sleep difficulties. The total score ranges from 0 to 28, with scores above 7 being associated with insomnia. Higher scores indicate more severe insomnia. |
| Changes in Epworth Sleepiness | At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up) | Epworth Sleepiness will be measured using the Indonesian version of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) with a 8-item questionnaires with total scores 24. Higher scores presence of ESS. |
| Changes in Sleep parameters from sleep logs | At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up) | Sleep parameters will be measured using Sleep Logs with a-6 item questionnaires that assess for daily sleep log. Higher scores presence poor of sleep |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in level of Anxiety | At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up) | Level of anxiety will be measured using the Indonesian version of the Insomnia Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The total score ranges from 0 to 21. Higher scores indicate more depression. |
| Changes in level of depression | At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up) | Level of depression will be measured using the Indonesian version of Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF) with a 15-item questionnaire that assesses the level of depression. Higher scores indicate more depression. |
| Changes in level of fatigue in a person - both in terms of intensity and its impact on daily activities | At baseline to week 4 (after the intervention), and one month (follow-up) | Level of fatigue will be measured using the Indonesian version of Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) with a 9-item questionnaire that assesses the level and impact of fatigue in the past 24 hours using a scale of 0-10, with the final score being the average of all items. Higher scores indicate more severe fatigue. |
Countries
Indonesia
Contacts
CONTACTSri Susanty, PhD
Outcome results
None listed