Knee Osteoarthritis
Conditions
Keywords
Knee Osteoarthritis, Inspiratory Muscle Training, Cardiopulmonary Endurance, Aerobic capacity, Respiratory Muscle Strength, Functional Mobility, 6-Minute Walk Test, WOMAC, TUG Test
Brief summary
The purpose of the study is to investigate whether adding Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) to the usual treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis improves their cardiopulmonary endurance and functional mobility more than standard care alone.
Detailed description
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disorder associated with pain, stiffness, reduced mobility, and decreased physical activity. Reduced activity levels often result in impaired cardiopulmonary fitness and decreased aerobic capacity. Previous evidence suggests that individuals with severe KOA exhibit diminished inspiratory muscle strength and lower exercise tolerance. Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) strengthens respiratory muscles and improves ventilatory efficiency. IMT is a technique in which a person breathes in against resistance using a special device such as POWERbreathe to make the breathing muscles stronger. Since conventional rehabilitation primarily focuses on pain reduction and lower limb strengthening, incorporating IMT may provide additional benefits without imposing extra stress on the knee joint. This study aims to compare conventional KOA treatment combined with IMT against conventional treatment combined with sham IMT over a six-week intervention period.
Interventions
DEVICEPOWERBREATH
The POWERBREATH devices utilize calibrated resistance valves to force your breathing muscles to work harder, which naturally builds their power, stamina, and efficiency. IMT through POWERbreathe * 30 quick breaths two times a day at an adjustable resistance (equivalent to∼50% of (baseline) MIP). * Increased up to 35 breaths as per patient's tolerance.
DEVICESHAM IMT
* 60 slow breaths once daily at a load setting of 0 (corresponding to∼15% (baseline) MIP). * Training load adjustment was prevented using sticky tape applied to the device's load adjuster.
Sponsors
Riphah International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age 40-65 years * Male and Female participants * Bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis * Diagnosed according to American College of Rheumatology criteria * Kellgren and Lawrence Grade II-III * Able to walk independently * Willing to provide informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* Participation in structured physical activity programs * Intra-articular corticosteroid injection within last 3 months * Hyaluronic acid injection within last 6 months * Lower limb trauma or surgery history * Planned surgery during study period * Severe cardiovascular disease * Severe pulmonary disease * Neurological disorders * Psychological disorders
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Six-Minute Walk Test Assessment of cardiopulmonary endurance and aerobic capacity. Time Frame: Baseline, Week 3, Week 6 Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) Assessment of cardiopulmonary endurance and aerobic capacity. Time Frame: Baseline, Week 3, Wee | Baseline, Week 3, Week 6 | Assessment of cardiopulmonary endurance |
| . Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) | Time Frame: Baseline, Week 3, Week 6 | Assessment of funcional mobility. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | : Baseline, Week 3, Week 6 | Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), with scores ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). The minimum possible score is 0, the maximum possible score is 10, and higher scores represent greater pain intensity (worse outcome). |
| Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) | Baseline, Week 3, Week 6 | Assessment of pain, stiffness, physical function, and quality of life. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Total Score: The WOMAC is a self-reported questionnaire assessing pain, stiffness, and physical function in individuals with osteoarthritis. The total score ranges from 0 to 96, where 0 indicates no symptoms or functional impairment and 96 indicates the most severe symptoms and functional impairment. Higher scores indicate a worse outcome. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
CONTACTDr. Suman Sheraz, Phd
CONTACTDr. Imran Amjad, Phd
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORDr. Suman Sheraz, PhD
Riphah International University
Outcome results
None listed