Glaucoma
Conditions
Brief summary
The goal of this randomised control trial is to learn about the effect of home based circuit training on patients with primary glaucoma. The main questions to answer are: 1. Is there any difference of intraocular pressure (IOP) in patient with primary glaucoma after 6 weeks and 12 weeks who is performing home-based circuit training compared to patient not performing home-based circuit training? 2. Is there any difference of retina nerve fibre layer in patient with primary glaucoma after 6 weeks and 12 weeks who is performing home-based circuit training compared to patient not performing home-based circuit training? 3. Is there any difference of choroidal thickness layer in patient with primary glaucoma after 6 weeks and 12 weeks who is performing home-based circuit training compared to patient not performing home-based circuit training? Researchers will compare patients with primary glaucoma who are performing home-based circuit training and not performing home-based circuit training to see if any affect to intraocular pressure, retina nerve fibre layer and choroidal thickness.
Detailed description
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. According to a study, it is known that East Asia has the highest number of people with glaucoma (25.20 million), followed by South- Central Asia (17.06 million) and South East Asia (6.92 million). The global prevalence of glaucoma especially in people aged 40 to 80 years is estimated to be 3.5%. The most important risk factor for glaucoma is aging. With the growing number and proportion of older population, it is projected that 111.8 million people will have glaucoma in 2040. The degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons result in an irreversible loss of vision that has a strong correlation with increasing age. The relationship between exercise and glaucoma is complex as various components of physical activity such as fluctuations in blood pressure, body posture, and Valsalva manoeuvres can influence intraocular pressure (IOP) and ocular perfusion pressure, both of which may play roles in glaucoma pathophysiology. The investigator would like to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks home-based circuit training on intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) and choroidal thickness in patients with primary glaucoma. This is a randomised controlled study involving primary glaucoma patients who are attending ophthalmology clinic at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Evaluation of study sample includes baseline ocular examination, IOP and Optical Coherence Tomography Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (OCT RNFL) and sub foveal choroidal thickness. Subjects who fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study will be selected. Patients in Group A will perform home-based circuit training for 12 weeks while other Group B (control group) will not perform home-based circuit training. IOP, OCT RNFL and choroidal thickness measurement will be taken at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks post recruitment of subjects. All patients will be given exercise diary to note down their exercise adherence.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALHome-Based Circuit Training
Participants assigned to the intervention group will perform a home-based circuit training program in addition to receiving standard glaucoma care. The exercise program consists of seven home-based exercises, including two aerobic exercises and five resistance-based exercises performed in a circuit format. Each session will last 30 minutes for week 1-6 and 60 minutes for week 7-12. It is performed three times per week on alternate days for 12 weeks, and is conducted at moderate intensity. Participants will continue their prescribed glaucoma medications throughout the study.
Sponsors
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
DOUBLE (Caregiver, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥ 18 - 70 years old * Known case of POAG, PACG, JOAG, NTG * Phakic without visually significant cataract * Pseudophakic for more than 3 months prior to recruitment * Achieved target IOP * Physically not performing routine exercises
Exclusion criteria
* Bilateral eye visual acuity of less than 6/60 * Bilateral eye visual field defect of less than 10 degrees from fixation * Patient with media opacities that affect the reliability of OCT measurements such as cornea opacity, dense cataract with Lens opacification classification system (LOCS III) of more than grade 2, vitreous haemorrhage * Patient who underwent intraocular surgery (other than uncomplicated cataract surgery), including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection within past 6 months * Ocular disease such as cornea ulcer, uveitis, age-related macula degeneration * Physical disabilities such as stroke, limbs amputation * Uncontrolled systemic diseases eg diabetes, hypertension * Morbid Obesity (BMI \> 40) * Dementia or any psychiatric diseases * Smoking
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Intraocular pressure | Baseline, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks |
| Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer | Baseline, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks |
| Choroidal Thickness | Baseline, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks |
Countries
Malaysia
Contacts
CONTACTTHARANI ELUMALAI, MBBS
Outcome results
None listed