Hyperacusis, Tinnitus
Conditions
Keywords
Tinnitus, Biomodulator patch, Hyperacusis
Brief summary
This study tested whether a skin patch, worn behind the ear, could help reduce tinnitus (ringing or buzzing in the ears) in adults. Eighty participants took part. Half wore an active patch, and half wore a patch that looked the same but had no active effect (a placebo). Neither the participants nor the researchers knew who received which patch until the study ended. All participants also received an educational counseling session about tinnitus and how to manage it. Participants were assessed before treatment, three weeks later, about seven weeks later, and again about one year later. The researchers measured how much tinnitus affected their daily life, their sensitivity to sound, and their anxiety or mood.
Detailed description
Tinnitus is a common condition without a universally accepted pharmacological treatment. The steady-state coherent biomodulator patch (Antinitus, Sensori AB, Sweden) uses passive, light photon-driven technology intended to influence water coherency in tissue and modulate neural activity along auditory pathways. Its performance and safety have previously been evaluated in earlier randomized controlled trials and post-market surveys, with follow-up data reported up to one year after treatment in prior literature. This single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the clinical effectiveness of the biomodulator patch in adults with subjective tinnitus, examining both short-term and long-term (up to one year) outcomes. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either the active patch or a visually identical placebo patch, applied behind the ear and replaced daily for three weeks. Active and placebo patches were distributed in sealed envelopes to preserve blinding; neither participants nor investigators were aware of group allocation during the trial. All participants received a standardized informative counseling session at study entry (approximately one hour), covering the auditory system, the nature and causes of tinnitus, available management approaches, and instruction on correct patch application. Assessments were conducted at baseline, after 21 days of treatment, one month after treatment completion (day 51), and via telephone follow-up at approximately one year post-treatment. Continuous data are summarized as median and interquartile range given non-normal distributions. Within-group longitudinal changes were assessed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests; between-group comparisons used the Mann-Whitney U test. Exploratory correlation and regression analyses examined associations between tinnitus handicap, emotional distress, hyperacusis, age, and tinnitus duration at each assessment point.
Interventions
A passive, light photon-driven biomodulator patch applied behind the ear and replaced daily for three weeks, intended to influence auditory neural activity through effects on tissue water coherency.
A patch visually indistinguishable from the active biomodulator patch but without active photon-driven effect, applied behind the ear and replaced daily for three weeks
Sponsors
Study design
Masking description
Active and placebo patches were sealed in identical, indistinguishable envelopes by a third party, who recorded the allocation key separately. The investigator, who also served as the care provider and outcomes assessor (delivering counseling, dispensing patches, and administering weekly questionnaires), remained unaware of group allocation until the study concluded.
Intervention model description
Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two parallel groups: an experimental group receiving the active biomodulator patch (Antinitus) or a control group receiving a visually identical placebo patch. Both groups applied their assigned patch behind the ear daily for three weeks and received the same standardized informative counseling session at study entry. Group allocation remained blinded to both participants and investigators throughout the study
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
Age older than 18 years Subjective tinnitus for at least 4 weeks Absence of dermatological conditions that could cause skin irritation from patch application
Exclusion criteria
Currently undergoing active tinnitus therapy Known skin sensitivity
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) Score from Baseline to Day 51 | Baseline and Day 51 (21 days post-treatment + 30 days) | THI is a 25-item questionnaire (score range 0-100), with higher scores indicating greater tinnitus-related handicap. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in THI Score from Baseline to Day 21 | Baseline and Day 21 | The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) is a 25-item questionnaire scored from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater tinnitus-related handicap (0-16 = no handicap, 18-36 = mild, 38-56 = moderate, 58-100 = severe). Change was calculated as the difference between baseline and Day 21 scores. |
| Change in THI Score from Baseline to 1 Year | Baseline and approximately 1 year | The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) is a 25-item questionnaire scored from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater tinnitus-related handicap. A subset of participants was contacted by telephone approximately one year after treatment to assess long-term durability of THI change from baseline. |
| Change in Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) Score | Baseline, Day 21, Day 51, and 1 year | 14-item questionnaire (score range 0-42), higher scores indicating greater hyperacusis-related distress. |
| Change in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Score | Baseline, Day 21, and Day 51 | 14-item scale divided into anxiety and depression subscales (scores ≥8 indicating increased risk). |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)