ANXIETY, BENSON RELAXATION TECHNIQUE, VIRTUAL REALITY HEADSET
Conditions
Keywords
Anxiety, bariatric surgery, Benson relaxation technique, happiness, virtual reality
Brief summary
This study was conducted as a randomised controlled trial to determine the effect of virtual reality headset (VR) and the Benson Relaxation Technique (BRT) on anxiety and happiness levels in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.
Detailed description
The study was conducted at the General Surgery Department of Fırat University Hospital between December 2024 and May 2026. The study population comprised all patients who underwent bariatric surgery at this centre, with a sample size of 180 patients (virtual reality headset group: n=60; Benson Relaxation Technique group: n=60; control group: n=60). The Patient Information Form, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Oxford Happiness Scale-Short Form were used to collect the data. No intervention was applied to the control group.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALExperimental: VR group
Experimental: VR group Arm Description: The Patient Information Form, STAI Form TX-I, and OHQ-SF were administered as pretests. Following the pretests, patients were shown a video of a nature scene using VR accompanied by nature sounds for an average of 20 minutes. A quiet environment was prepared before the virtual reality headset session to ensure patients could relax and remain focused. The researcher ensured hand hygiene and equipment disinfection throughout the session. The headset was adjusted to fit each patient's head circumference. Image clarity, lens settings, and sound levels were adjusted according to individual preferences. The intervention was administered twice daily-morning and evening-for three days during the postoperative period, totaling six sessions. Immediately following the final session, the STAI Form Tx-I and OHQ-SF were administered as posttests.
BEHAVIORALExperimental: Benson Relaxation Techniques group
Experimental: Benson Relaxation Techniques group Arm Description: The patient information form, STAI Form TX-I, and OHQ-SF pretest were administered. Patients were ensured to be in a comfortable position during the Benson Relaxation Technique session. The environment was prepared to be quiet, dimly lit, and free of distractions. Before beginning the relaxation exercise, patients were instructed to focus entirely on their breathing. The researcher provided the commands for the relaxation exercise in a tone of voice audible to the patients. Instructions: Choose a short sentence or a word that is meaningful to you and helps you focus your attention; close your eyes; relax all your muscles, starting with your feet and slowly moving upward through your muscle groups; breathe gently and naturally; as you exhale, silently repeat your focus word or sentence to yourself; tell yourself, "Everything is fine" and "I feel light, healthy, and energetic"; and calmly focus on your breath and your musc
Sponsors
Firat University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
Single (Participant) By drawing lots, the first set was chosen to correspond to the experimental group and the second set to correspond to the control group for the two groups.
Intervention model description
This randomised controlled experimental study
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients who had undergone bariatric surgery * were 18 years of age or older- had no communication difficulties * had no psychiatric disorders * had not experienced any complications during or after surgery * did not use any other non-pharmacological approaches during.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients under 18 years of age * those using non-pharmacological methods during .
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Tx - I) | two weeks | This scale was developed by Spielberger et al. Its reliability and validity in Turkey were established by Öner and Le Compte . The scale's Cronbach's Alpha value is 0.83. The scale includes both direct and reverse-scored items. During scoring, the total weights for the direct and reverse-scored items are calculated separately; then, the total score for the direct items is subtracted from the total score for the reverse-scored items. The total score on the scale ranges from 20 to 80; a high score indicates a high level of anxiety, while a low score indicates a low level of anxiety. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oxford Happiness Questionnaire-Short Form (OHQ-SF) | two weeks | A unidimensional questionnaire developed by Hills and Argyle to assess levels of happiness . The questionnaire was translated into Turkish by Doğan and Çötok. Scores on the questionnaire range from 7 to 35. A higher score indicates a higher level of happiness. The Cronbach's alpha value for the questionnaire was found to be 0.74 . |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORDİLEK GÜNEŞ, associate professor
Firat University
STUDY_CHAIRAcar
Firat University
Outcome results
None listed