Mental Health, Suicide, Suicide Awareness, Suicide Prevention
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aims to conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the feasibility of implementing the "Hand in Hand, We Rise" (Xie Shou Gong Jin) multi-stakeholder collaborative school-based suicide prevention program in rural public junior high schools. Six schools will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group; the intervention group will simultaneously implement the "Youth Strengths & Skills Curriculum (YSSC)" curriculum for students, "Life Gatekeeper" training for teachers, and mental health information dissemination for caregivers. The primary objectives are to evaluate recruitment, retention, adherence, implementation fidelity, acceptability, and safety within real-world school settings, and to preliminarily estimate changes in indicators such as suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, loneliness, help-seeking attitudes, mental health stigma, self-esteem, school climate, and bullying. The findings will provide parameters and an implementation basis for a subsequent large-scale, multi-school cluster randomized controlled trial.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALXie Shou Gong Jin
Six schools will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group or the control group; the intervention group will simultaneously implement the "Youth Strengths \& Skills Curriculum (YSSC)" curriculum for students, "Life Gatekeeper" training for teachers, and mental health information dissemination for caregivers.
BEHAVIORALRegular psychoeducation class
Psychoeducation classroom as usual in schools, provided by teachers to students as part of the regular school curriculum
Sponsors
Brown University
Beijing Normal University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
11 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Adolescent inclusion criteria include: (a) is a registered student at one of the participating schools, (b) be between the ages of 11-15, (c) fluent in reading Chinese during the consent process, (d) be willing to participate in the YSSC curriculum during their psychoeducation class. * Caregiver inclusion criteria include: (a) age 18 or above, (b) can read and speak Chinese, (c) be a primary caregiver of an adolescent enrolled in the participating schools, and (d) willing to discuss perceived needs related to adolescent suicide prevention. * Teacher inclusion criteria include: (a) age 18 or above, (b) can read and speak Chinese, (c) be a full-time teacher of the participating schools.
Exclusion criteria
* Individuals will be excluded from the study if they are determined to have symptoms that would prevent them from giving meaningful consent or participate in study activities, such as significant cognitive impairment.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Suicide Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Frequency and severity of suicide ideation will be evaluated by SIDAS at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up to evaluate suicide ideation as one of the primary outcomes among adolescents. |
| Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Severity of suicide risk will be assessed by the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up to evaluate the overall risk of suicide as one of the primary outcomes among adolescents. |
| Session Evaluation Form (SEF) | 4 months (post-intervention) | The 13-item SEF measuring perceived feasibility, acceptability, and intervention utility of the intervention at 4 months follow-up/postintervention |
| Client Satisfaction Survey (CSQ-8) | 4 months (post-intervention) | The 8-item CSQ assessing satisfaction will be used to measure intervention acceptability at 4 months follow-up/post-intervention. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Severity of depression as a secondary outcome will be measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up among adolescents. |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Severity of anxiety symptoms as a secondary outcome will be measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up among adolescents. |
| Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Help-seeking attitude will be measured by the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help, at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up among adolescents, caregivers, and school teachers. |
| Perceived Devaluation Discrimination (PDD) scale | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Perception of stigma against mental health will be measured by the Perceived DevaluationDiscrimination (PDD) scale, as a secondary outcome, at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up among adolescents, caregivers, and school teachers. |
| Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS)-short form | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Stigma against suicide will be measured by Stigma of Suicide Scale (SOSS)-short form, as a secondary outcome, at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up among adolescents, caregivers, and school teachers. |
| Adapted Delaware School Climate Survey | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | Peer bullying will be measured by the Adapted Delaware School Climate Survey, as a secondary outcome, at baseline, 4 months and 8 months follow-up among adolescents. |
| Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | The 10-item Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale will be used to assess self-esteem as a secondary outcome at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. This scale will be assessed among adolescents. |
| Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | The Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Self-Efficacy Scale (GKSES) will be used to assess self-efficacy among teachers and caregivers as a secondary outcome at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. |
| Brief Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. | The 16-item Brief Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16) will be used to assess difficulties in emotion regulation as a secondary outcome at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up among adolescents. |
| WHO-5 Well-Being Index | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up | The subjective psychological well-being will be measured by WHO-5 Well-Being Index as a secondary outcome at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up among adolescents. |
| Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. | The 10-item Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM) will be used to assess mindfulness as a secondary outcome among adolescents at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. |
| Children's Hope Scale | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. | Hope will be measured by the 6-item Children's Hope Scale (CHS) as a secondary outcome among adolescents at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. |
| Self-Compassion Scale Short Form | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. | Self-compassion among adolescents will be measured by the 12-item Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF) as a secondary outcome at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. |
| Resilience Scale (CYRM-R) | Baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up. | The 12-item Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised (CYRM-R) will be used to assess resilience as a secondary outcome at baseline, 4 months (post-intervention) and 8 months follow-up among adolescents. |
Countries
China
Contacts
CONTACTShufang Sun, PhD
Outcome results
None listed