COVID-19, Post COVID-19 Syndrome, Ginkgo Biloba, Piracetam
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aimed to assess functioning during the recovery phase post-COVID-19 and to evaluate symptoms prolonging after COVID-19 infection and how to manage these symptoms.
Detailed description
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus The COVID-19 virus is a new virus linked to the same family of viruses as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and some types of common cold. Symptoms can include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. In more severe cases, infection can cause pneumonia or breathing difficulties. More rarely, the disease can be fatal. These symptoms are similar to the flu (influenza) or the common cold, which are a lot more common than COVID-19. The virus is transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets of an infected person (generated through coughing and sneezing). Individuals can also be infected from and touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and touching their face (e.g., eyes, nose, mouth).
Interventions
DRUGGinkgo biloba
Patients who received Ginkgo biloba alone.
DRUGPiracetam
Patients who received piracetam alone.
DRUGGinkgo biloba and Piracetam
Patients who received a combination (Ginkgo biloba and Piracetam).
Sponsors
Beni-Suef University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients aged from 18 to 70 years. * Both sexes. * Positive diagnosis of COVID-19 within the last 3 months in relation to the time of assessment (COVID-19 diagnosis had been previously confirmed by RT-PCR nasal swab testing as part of routine clinical evaluation before enrollment into the study).
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with other non-COVID-related chronic illnesses that could interfere with the assessment of post-viral symptoms. * Patients with pre-existing neurological disorders that could affect cognitive function or fatigue assessment, including dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, or prior cerebrovascular stroke, patients with diagnosed psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or anxiety disorders requiring ongoing pharmacological treatment. * Patients with uncontrolled endocrine disorders, particularly uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or thyroid dysfunction. * Patients with malignancy or receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunosuppressive therapy during the study period. * Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, or other pre-existing fatigue-related disorders diagnosed prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection. * Patients with substance abuse or alcohol dependence, pregnant or lactating women. * Patients with known hypersensitivity or contraindications to Ginkgo biloba or piracetam. * Patients with poor adherence to treatment or anticipated inability to complete follow-up visits.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) | 1 year after the procedure | The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess global cognitive status. It evaluates orientation, immediate and delayed recall, attention and calculation, language, and visuospatial construction. The total score ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores reflecting better cognitive function. Cognitive impairment was classified as mild (21-24), moderate (10-20), or severe (\<10). The MMSE was administered in a face-to-face interview format |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fatigue Severity Scale | 1 year after the procedure | Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) is a validated, widely used self-report instrument designed to quantify the severity and impact of fatigue on daily functioning over the previous seven days. It consists of nine statements covering aspects such as motivation, exercise-induced fatigue, physical functioning, and interference with work, social, and family life. For each item, patients rate their level of agreement on a 7-point scale where 1 indicates strong disagreement and 7 indicates strong agreement. Higher scores on the nine item values (ranging from 1.0 to 7.0) indicate more severe fatigue, with a mean score of 4.0 or higher considered indicative of moderate to severe fatigue. Sum score: total of all item values (9-63). Mean score: average of the 9 item values (1.0-7.0) |
| Changes in headache severity | 1 year after the procedure | Headache by visual analogue scale (VAS) was recorded was recorded at baseline, after 3 months, 6 months, and after 1 year. Pain was assessed by using visual analogue scale (VAS) which is presented as a 10 cm straight line reflecting the extremes of "no pain" and "worst pain. All patients included were followed longitudinally after initiation of treatment, with scheduled follow-up visits for 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months to assess persistence, improvement, or resolution of symptoms. |
| Prevalence of neurological manifestations | 1 year post-procedure | Prevalence of neurological manifestations related to post-COVID syndrome were recorded. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed