PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder)
Conditions
Keywords
Cognition, Hand Function, Parkinson's Disease, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation
Brief summary
Evidence suggests the association between fine motor skills of the hand and cognitive function, as well as the positive effects of hand rehabilitation on hand function and the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on cognitive functions in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In response to the question of whether there is a cause-and-effect relationship between fine manual skills and cognitive function, we designed the present randomized controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of sensory-motor rehabilitation of the hand on cognitive functions compared to the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on sensory-motor skills of the hand in patients with PD. In this double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, a convenience sample including 48 people with PD will participate based on simple non-random sampling. The participants will be allocated randomly through stratified randomization to parallel groups of intervention (sensorimotor hand rehabilitation) and control (cognitive rehabilitation) with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The associate researcher responsible for assessing outcome measures and the statistician responsible for analyzing the data are blinded to the intervention protocol. The intervention protocol for the intervention group includes hand sensory-motor rehabilitation for 10 one-and-a-half-hour sessions, 3 sessions per week, in addition to cognitive rehabilitation for 10 one-and-a-half-hour sessions, 3 sessions per week. The intervention protocol for the control group includes cognitive rehabilitation for 10 one-and-a-half-hour sessions, 3 sessions per week. All participants undergo three assessment sessions: the day before the intervention, the day after the intervention, and one month after the last intervention session. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The significance level will be set at 0.05.
Interventions
OTHERHand Sensorimotor Rehabilitation
10 one-and-a-half-hour sessions, 3 sessions per week
OTHERCognitive Remediation
10 one-and-a-half-hour sessions, 3 sessions per week
Sponsors
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Statistician responsible for data analysis
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
45 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. A diagnosis of PD by a neurologist based on the Movement Disorders Society Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson's Disease; 2. 45-65 years old: age of peak incidence of PD; 3. Minimum 2 years and maximum 10 years from initial diagnosis: stabilization of the disease process and medications; 4. disability level of at most 3 in the Modified Hoehn and Yahr Scale: physically independent; 5. Mild cognitive impairment: score between 20 and 26 in Montreal cognitive assessment; 6. Signing the written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients with neurological diseases other than PD 2. Patients with orthopedic and internal diseases that would make participation in the study difficult
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment | - The day before the intervention - The day after the intervention - One month after the last intervention session | To assess the general cognitive status of the participants. In the scoring of this test, a score of 26 and above indicates normal cognitive function, a score of 25 and below indicates mild cognitive impairment, and a score below 20 means severe cognitive impairment |
| Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery - Reaction Time | - The day before the intervention - The day after the intervention - One month after the last intervention session | To measure the speed of the participants' response to a visual target in which a predictable (simple reaction time) or unpredictable (choice reaction time) stimulus is presented. The approximate test time is 5 minutes. The response time latency is measured in milliseconds. |
| Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery - Spatial Span Test | - The day before the intervention - The day after the intervention - One month after ending intervention | This test examines working and short-term memory. The participants are asked to tap on the squares on the monitor screen as they light up, in the order they appear. The approximate time to complete the test is 5 minutes |
| Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery - Match to Sample Visual Search Test | - The day before the intervention - The day after the intervention - One month after the last intervention session | This test measures attention and visual search. In this test, a complex visual pattern is displayed in the middle of the monitor screen. After a short delay, a variable number of similar patterns are displayed in a circle around the edge of the monitor screen. |
| Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery - Stop Signal Task | - The day before the intervention - The day after the intervention - One month after the last intervention session | This test measures response inhibition. The test consists of two parts: in the first part, the participant is told to press the left button when they see an arrow pointing to the left direction and the right button when they see an arrow pointing right; In the second part, the participant is told to continue selecting buttons while they see the arrows, but if they hear an audible signal (beep), they must hold their response and not select the button |
| KING'S PD Pain Scale | - The day before staring intervention - The day after ending intervention - one month after ending intervention | this tool measures pain which is specifically designed for patients with PD. |
| Box & Block Test | - The day before starting intervention - The day after ending intervention - One month after ending intervention | This test assesses hand fine motor skills by moving one-inch wooden cubes from one side of a 5.8 x 4.25 x 7.53 cm box to the other side. |
| The Purdue Pegboard Test | - The day before starting intervention - The day after ending intervention - One month after ending intervention | This test assesses fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination. The assembly subtest will considered in the present study. |
| Hand Dynamometer Hydraulic Jamar | - The day before starting intervention - The day after ending intervention - One month after ending intervention | This tool measures hand grip strength. |
| Pinch gauge | - The day before starting intervention - The day after ending intervention - One month after ending intervention | This tool measures fine fingertip grip strength |
| Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments | - The day before staring intervention - The day after ending intervention - one month after ending intervention | This test assesses the tactile pressure perception threshold |
| The Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire | - The day before staring intervention - The day after ending intervention - one month after ending intervention | It measures the individual's own perspective on overall hand function |
Contacts
CONTACTHamid Reza Rostami, PhD
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORHamid Reza Rostami, PhD
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Outcome results
None listed