Loneliness, Mental Health, Mood, Quality of Life, Sleep, Stress (Psychology), Well-being
Conditions
Brief summary
The goal of this study is to learn whether participating in community social and cultural events in renovated neighborhood parks can improve sleep, stress, mood, and overall well-being in adults aged 18 and older who live near participating parks. The main questions the study aims to answer are: 1. Does participation in community park events lead to improvements over time in sleep, stress, mood, and other aspects of well-being? 2. Are greater levels of event participation associated with greater improvements in these outcomes? Participants will: * Wear a wearable ring device (Oura Ring) most of the time for about six months to measure sleep and physical health indicators * Attend free community events at or near their neighborhood park, such as social, cultural, or physical activity programs * Complete online surveys at the beginning and end of the study about well-being and mental health * Complete brief weekly surveys on mood and study park use * Attend two in-person visits for basic physical measurements (e.g., height, weight, blood pressure) and device setup/return
Interventions
BEHAVIORALCommunity Park Event Participation
Participants are encouraged to attend free community-based events, including social, cultural, and physical activity programming held in their local neighborhood parks. These events are organized and implemented by the research team in collaboration with local vendors and are designed to promote community engagement and support health and well-being. Actual attendance may vary across participants, and participation is supported through incentives.
Sponsors
City University of New York, School of Public Health
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Be 18 years of age or older * Live within 1 mile of a participating neighborhood park site * Be able to read and understand English * Have regular access to a smartphone * Be willing and able to wear a wearable ring device continuously for approximately 6 months * Plan to attend at least one community park event during the study period
Exclusion criteria
* Those that do not meet above inclusion criteria
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Total sleep duration | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Total sleep duration (in seconds) will be measured using a wearable ring device and will be computed as the sum of total sleep in REM (rapid eye movement), deep, and light sleep stages. Sleep duration will be converted to hours and minutes for analysis. The outcome will assess within-participant change in average nightly sleep duration over time. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Total time in bed | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Total time in bed (in seconds) will be measured using a wearable ring device and will be computed as the sum of total sleep in REM (rapid eye movement), deep, and light sleep stages, plus time awake. Total time in bed will be converted to hours and minutes for analysis. |
| Sleep efficiency | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Proportion of time spent asleep while in bed (total sleep duration / total time in bed). |
| REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep duration | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Total sleep in the REM (rapid eye movement) stage (in seconds) measured using a wearable ring device. REM sleep duration will be converted to hours and minutes for analysis, as well as the proportion of total sleep (REM sleep duration / total sleep duration). |
| Deep sleep duration | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Total sleep in the deep sleep stage (in seconds) measured using a wearable ring device. Deep sleep duration will be converted to hours and minutes for analysis, as well as proportion of total sleep duration (deep sleep duration / total sleep duration). |
| Light sleep duration | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Total sleep in the light stage (in seconds) measured using a wearable ring device. Light sleep duration will be converted to hours and minutes for analysis, as well as proportion of total sleep duration (light sleep duration / total sleep duration). |
| Sleep timing | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | The timing of sleep (hour and minute sleep starts to hour and minute sleep ends) measured using a wearable ring device. |
| Heart rate variability | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Heart rate variability (in milliseconds) measured during sleep using a wearable ring device. |
| Resting heart rate | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Resting heart rate (in beats per minute) measured during sleep using a wearable ring device. |
| Respiratory rate during sleep | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Nighttime respiratory rate (in breaths per minute) measured using a wearable ring device. |
| Skin temperature deviation | From enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Nightly skin temperature deviation (in Celcius) from baseline measured using a wearable ring device. |
| Well-being (WHO-5 Well-Being Index) | Weekly assessments from enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Self-reported well-being measured using the World Health Organization-Five (WHO-5) Well-Being Index. Index scores range from 0-25, with higher scores representing higher quality of life. |
| Perceived stress (PSS-10) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported perceived stress measured using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Scale scores range from 0-40, with higher scores representing higher perceived stress. |
| Anxiety symptoms (GAD-7) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported anxiety symptoms measured using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Scale scores range from 0-21, with higher scores representing higher anxiety. |
| Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported depressive symptoms measured using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Scale scores range from 0-27, with higher scores representing higher depression severity. |
| General well-being (General Well-Being Schedule) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported overall well-being and psychological functioning measured using the 18-item General Well-Being Schedule (GWBS). Scale scores range from 0-110, with higher scores representing better well-being. |
| Life satisfaction (SWLS) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported life satisfaction measured using the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Scale scores range from 5-35, with higher scores representing higher life satisfaction. |
| Flourishing (Flourishing Scale) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported psychological flourishing measured using the Flourishing Scale. Scale scores range from 8-56, with higher scores representing higher meaning and fulfillment. |
| Loneliness | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Self-reported loneliness measured using items from the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. Scale scores range from 20-80, with higher scores representing greater feelings of loneliness. |
| Social cohesion | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Perceived neighborhood cohesion and trust measured using items from the collective efficacy scale. Scale scores range from 5-25, with higher scores representing higher social cohesion and trust. |
| Sense of community | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Sense of community measured using the Sense of Community Index (SCI-2). Scale scores range from 0-72, with higher scores representing a stronger sense of community. |
| Neighborhood satisfaction (NEWS) | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Individual survey item from the Neighborhood environment walkability scale (NEWS): "How satisfied are you with your neighborhood as a good place to live"? with response options: strongly dissatisfied, somewhat dissatisfied, neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, somewhat satisfied, and strongly satisfied. |
| Place attachment | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Survey items developed by the study team. I would be sorry if the park closed permanently (response options: strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, strongly agree) I would be sorry to move out of my neighborhood (response options: strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, strongly agree) Is there a strong feeling of belonging in your neighborhood? (response options: not at all, a little, a medium amount, quite a lot, very much) |
| Body mass index | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Body mass index (in kilograms per meters squared) calculated from measured height and weight (weight in kilograms / height in meters squared). |
| Systolic blood pressure | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Systolic blood pressure measured using standard procedures |
| Diastolic blood pressure | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Diastolic blood pressure measured using standard procedures. |
| Park use frequency | Weekly assessments from enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Self-reported frequency of park use, adapted from previously validated measures: Veitch, J. et al. A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods. BMC Public Health 14, 600 (2014). Walker, J. T. et al. Physical activity in the park setting (PA-PS) questionnaire: Reliability in a California statewide sample. J. Phys. Act. Health. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.6.s1.s97 (2009). |
| Park use duration | Weekly assessments from enrollment until one month after park events conclude | Self-reported duration of park use, adapted from previously validated measures: Veitch, J. et al. A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods. BMC Public Health 14, 600 (2014). Walker, J. T. et al. Physical activity in the park setting (PA-PS) questionnaire: Reliability in a California statewide sample. J. Phys. Act. Health. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.6.s1.s97 (2009). |
| Park satisfaction | At enrollment and one month after park events conclude | Single survey item asking study participants how satisfied they are with the overall quality of the park. (Response options: Strongly satisfied, somewhat satisfied, neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, somewhat satisfied, strongly satisfied). Adapted from previously validated survey items: Veitch, J. et al. A natural experiment to examine the impact of park renewal on park-use and park-based physical activity in a disadvantaged neighbourhood: The REVAMP study methods. BMC Public Health 14, 600 (2014). |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORTerry T.-K. Huang, PhD, MPH, MBA
Center for Systems and Community Design, City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy
Outcome results
None listed