Follicular Thyroid Cancer, Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, Hashimoto Disease, Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Conditions
Keywords
Incidental Thyroid Cancer, Autoimmune Thyroiditis, Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Brief summary
This study aim to assess for the incidence of thyroid cancer in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (Inflammatory thyroid Lesions)
Detailed description
The relationship between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis is well established in multiple organ systems, including the liver, stomach, and colon. In the thyroid, chronic lymphocytic infiltration may create a pro-inflammatory microenvironment that promotes cellular proliferation, DNA damage, and oncogenic transformation. Several studies have suggested an increased risk of thyroid cancer, particularly papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis
Interventions
OTHERtotal thyroidectomy
Diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer: The presence of thyroid cancer was determined based on histopathological examination of the resected specimen
Sponsors
Minia University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. All types of autoimmune thyroiditis, including: * Graves' disease * Toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) * Toxic nodule (TN) * Hashimoto thyroiditis * Unspecified toxic nodular goiter 2. Age between 18 and 60 years 3. Underwent thyroid surgical operation (lobectomy or total thyroidectomy)
Exclusion criteria
1. Patients with known differentiated thyroid cancer before surgery 2. Recurrent thyroid disease (previous thyroid surgery) 3. Patients unfit for operation (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade IV or V) 4. Incomplete histopathological data 5. Patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma or anaplastic thyroid cancer
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| • Incidence of incidental differentiated thyroid cancer with autoimmune thyroiditis | At time of surgery (postoperative histopathology) | Title: Incidence of incidental differentiated thyroid cancer Unit of measure: % of patients (proportion) Metric/method: Histopathological examination of surgical specimen |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of incidental differentiated thyroid cancer by autoimmune thyroiditis subtype | At time of surgery | Unit of Measure Percentage of patients within each subtype (Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, toxic nodular goiter) Metric / Method Histopathological classification of thyroiditis subtype and cancer diagnosis; comparison using Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test |
| Outcome 3A: Age comparison | At time of surgery | Outcome Measure Title Mean age difference between patients with and without incidental differentiated thyroid cancer Unit of Measure Years (mean ± standard deviation) Metric / Method Unpaired Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test |
| Outcome 3B: Sex distribution | Preoperative (within 30 days before surgery) | Field Entry Outcome Measure Title Proportion of patients with positive anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies who have incidental differentiated thyroid cancer Unit of Measure Percentage of patients Metric / Method Serological testing (anti-TPO antibodies measured by immunoassay); Chi-square test or logistic regression for association |
| Secondary Outcome 4 - Tumor characteristics Outcome 4A: Tumor size | At time of surgery | Outcome Measure Title Maximum tumor diameter in incidental differentiated thyroid cancers Unit of Measure Centimeters (mean ± standard deviation and range) Metric / Method Pathological measurement of surgical specimen |
| Outcome 4B: Microcarcinoma proportion | At time of surgery | Outcome Measure Title Proportion of incidental thyroid cancers that are microcarcinomas (≤1 cm) Unit of Measure Percentage of patients with incidental cancer Metric / Method Pathological measurement; defined as tumor size ≤1 cm |
| Outcome 4C: Lymph node metastasis | At time of surgery | Outcome Measure Title Proportion of patients with incidental differentiated thyroid cancer who have lymph node metastasis Unit of Measure Percentage of patients with incidental cancer Metric / Method Histopathological examination of central neck dissection specimens |
| Outcome 4D: Multifocality | At time of surgery | Outcome Measure Title Proportion of patients with incidental differentiated thyroid cancer who have multifocal disease Unit of Measure Percentage of patients with incidental cancer Metric / Method Histopathological examination (two or more distinct tumor foci) |
| Outcome 3E: Extrathyroidal extension | At time of surgery | Outcome Measure Title Proportion of patients with incidental differentiated thyroid cancer who have extrathyroidal extension Unit of Measure Percentage of patients with incidental cancer Metric / Method Histopathological examination (minimal or extensive extension) |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed