Emphysema or COPD
Conditions
Keywords
emphysematous COPD, lood flow restriction (BFR), aerobic exercise
Brief summary
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of combining aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) training in patients with emphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study aimed to determine whether adding BFR to aerobic exercise could enhance muscle strength and functional capacity compared with conventional training alone. The findings demonstrated that aerobic exercise combined with BFR significantly improved lower-limb muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and functional performance in patients with emphysematous COPD. These results suggest that BFR-assisted aerobic training may serve as an effective and safe rehabilitation strategy to improve physical function and quality of life in this population.
Interventions
Aerobic exercise combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) is a rehabilitation technique in which patients perform low- to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as treadmill or cycling training, while a specialized cuff is applied around the proximal part of the limb to partially restrict blood flow. This method aims to enhance muscle strength and functional performance using lower exercise intensity, making it suitable for patients with limited exercise tolerance, such as individuals with COPD.
OTHERAerobic exercise
The control group performed conventional aerobic exercise training at low to moderate intensity without the application of blood flow restriction. The program included activities such as treadmill walking or cycling to improve cardiovascular endurance, functional capacity, and overall physical fitness in patients with COPD.
Sponsors
Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 70 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients diagnosed with emphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). * Clinically stable COPD patients with no acute exacerbation within the previous 4-6 weeks. * Mild to moderate disease severity according to GOLD criteria. * Ability to participate safely in aerobic exercise training. * Medically stable and cleared by a physician for pulmonary rehabilitation. * Ability to understand and follow study instructions.
Exclusion criteria
* Acute COPD exacerbation or respiratory infection during the study period. * Severe cardiovascular diseases (e.g., unstable angina, uncontrolled hypertension, recent myocardial infarction). * Peripheral vascular disease or contraindications to blood flow restriction (BFR) training. * Severe musculoskeletal, neurological, or orthopedic disorders limiting exercise performance. * Cognitive impairment affecting cooperation or informed consent. * Participation in another structured rehabilitation program during the study period. * Severe hypoxemia requiring continuous oxygen therapy during exercise. * History of deep vein thrombosis or clotting disorders.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| muscle strength | 8 weeks | quadriceps strength by isokinetic: Quadriceps strength will be measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Participants will perform three to five maximal concentric knee extension efforts after familiarization. Peak torque (Nm) will be recorded, and the highest value will be used for statistical analysis |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| function capacity | 8 weeks | Functional capacity will be assessed using the 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand Test (1STS). Participants will be instructed to sit and stand from a standard chair as many times as possible within one minute without using their upper limbs for assistance. The total number of completed repetitions will be recorded, with higher scores indicating better functional capacity. |
Contacts
CONTACThanan mohamed
Outcome results
None listed