Acute Kidney Injury, Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Conditions
Keywords
UGIB, AKI, Renal Impairment, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Serum Creatinine, Kidney Function, Variceal Bleeding, Non-variceal Bleeding
Brief summary
This study aims to evaluate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) at Sohag University Hospitals, and to identify predictors associated with renal impairment in these patients.
Detailed description
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common medical emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently observed in these patients, mainly due to hypovolemia and renal hypoperfusion. Despite its clinical importance, data regarding AKI incidence and predictors in UGIB patients, particularly in Middle Eastern populations, remain limited. This prospective observational study aims to assess renal function abnormalities and identify predictors of AKI in patients with UGIB, including both variceal and non-variceal causes. The study will also evaluate clinical outcomes such as mortality, hospital stay duration, and need for renal replacement therapy.
Interventions
OTHERObservational assessment
No therapeutic intervention is applied. Patients are managed according to standard hospital care, and data are collected observationally.
Sponsors
Sohag University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adult patients aged 18 years or older * Patients presenting with clinical features suggestive of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), including hematemesis, coffee-ground vomiting, or melena * Diagnosis of UGIB confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or strong clinical evidence when endoscopy is not immediately available * Patients admitted to Sohag University Hospitals (medical wards or intensive care unit) * Availability of renal function data, including at least one serum creatinine measurement at admission and serial measurements during hospitalization * Availability of baseline renal function (previous serum creatinine within 3-12 months) or estimable baseline during hospitalization
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on chronic dialysis * Patients with a history of renal transplantation * Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease stage 5 (eGFR \<15 mL/min/1.73 m²) not on dialysis * Patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding * Patients with incomplete or missing essential renal function data * Patients discharged or deceased within 24 hours of hospital admission * Pregnant patients * Patients with acute kidney injury at presentation due to causes other than UGIB
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) According to KDIGO Criteria | From hospital admission through hospital discharge, up to 30 days | The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), defined according to KDIGO criteria based on changes in serum creatinine and/or urine output during hospitalization. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Patients Developing AKI According to Bleeding Etiology | Baseline (hospital admission) with AKI occurrence assessed through hospital discharge, up to 30 days | Comparison of AKI incidence between variceal and non-variceal UGIB patients. |
| Change in Serum Creatinine Concentration | Through hospital discharge, up to 30 days | Serum creatinine concentration (mg/dL) measured at admission and during hospitalization to assess changes in renal function. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed