Coronary Artery Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Cardiac Rehabilitation ,High-Intensity Interval Training
Brief summary
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) in patients undergoing Phase II cardiac rehabilitation after coronary artery disease or post-angioplasty. A total of 66 participants will be randomly allocated into two groups: HIIT (n=33) and MICT (n=33). The intervention will be conducted 3 times per week using treadmill-based exercise protocols under heart rate monitoring. Primary outcomes include changes in left ventricular ejection fraction, functional capacity measured by 6-minute walk test, and lipid profile parameters before and after intervention. Secondary assessment includes health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The study aims to determine which exercise modality provides superior cardiovascular and functional improvement in stable cardiac patients during supervised rehabilitation.
Detailed description
This randomized controlled trial will compare the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) in patients undergoing Phase II cardiac rehabilitation after stable coronary artery disease or post-angioplasty. A total of 66 participants will be randomly assigned into two groups. The HIIT group will perform treadmill-based interval exercise 3 times per week at 85-95% heart rate reserve with active recovery periods, while the MICT group will perform continuous treadmill exercise at 65-75% heart rate reserve for 30-45 minutes. Primary outcomes include left ventricular ejection fraction (echocardiography), functional capacity (6-minute walk test), and lipid profile (LDL, HDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol) measured before and after intervention. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) will also be assessed. The study aims to determine which exercise protocol produces greater improvement in cardiac and functional outcomes.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALHigh-Intensity Interval Training
Participants will perform supervised treadmill-based high-intensity interval training 3 times per week. Each session includes 10 minutes warm-up, 4 intervals of 4 minutes at 85-95% heart rate reserve, 4 minutes active recovery at 50-60% heart rate reserve, followed by 5 minutes cool-down.
BEHAVIORALModerate-Intensity Continuous Training
Participants will perform supervised treadmill-based continuous exercise 3 times per week at 65-75% heart rate reserve for 30-45 minutes, including warm-up and cool-down periods.
Sponsors
Riphah International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Masking description
This study is open-label because both participants and care providers are aware of the assigned exercise intervention. Outcome measurements will be recorded using standardized assessment tools including echocardiography, laboratory investigations, and 6-minute walk test.
Intervention model description
Participants will be randomly assigned into two parallel groups: one group will receive High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and the other group will receive Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT). Both groups will receive supervised treadmill-based exercise interventions during Phase II cardiac rehabilitation, and outcomes will be compared before and after intervention.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults aged 18-60 years. * Diagnosed with stable coronary artery disease confirmed by angiography, stress testing, or echocardiography. * Left ventricular ejection fraction ≥45%. * Functional NYHA Class I or II. * Medically cleared by a cardiologist to participate in exercise (including recent ECG or stress test if necessary). * Lightly active lifestyle prior to study (not involved in structured exercise programs).
Exclusion criteria
* Unstable angina or recent myocardial infarction (within the past 6 weeks). * Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP \>180 mmHg or diastolic BP \>110 mmHg). * Severe valvular heart disease, arrhythmias, or left ventricular dysfunction (EF \<35%). * Musculoskeletal disorders (e.g., severe osteoarthritis, recent fractures, or surgeries) preventing safe participation in exercise. * Neurological disorders affecting mobility or safe exercise (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease). * Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c \>9% or recent hypoglycemia). * Any other condition judged by the investigator to make participation unsafe.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction | Baseline and at 12 weeks after intervention | Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction using echocardiography to determine changes in cardiac function after intervention. |
| Functional Capacity | Baseline and at 12 weeks after intervention | Functional capacity will be measured by 6-minute walk test to evaluate distance covered during exercise tolerance assessment |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lipid Profile | Baseline and at 12 weeks after intervention | Laboratory measurement of total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides to assess metabolic changes after exercise intervention. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
CONTACTMuhammad Iqbal Tariq, Phd*
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORArjumand Bano, MSPT
Riphah International University
Outcome results
None listed