Choroidal Diseases, Healthy Subjects, Retinal Diseases
Conditions
Brief summary
The purpose of this prospective, longitudinal, single-center observational study is to identify, describe, and measure the morpho-functional characteristics and modifications of the retina and choroid using advanced multimodal imaging techniques. The study will evaluate patients affected by retino-choroidal diseases and compare them with healthy controls over a 5-year follow-up period to track the evolution of these parameters over time.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Study design
Eligibility
Inclusion criteria
* freely given informed consent acquired prior to the start of the study. * Participant's capacity to understand the informed consent and study procedures. * Age ≥ 6 years (with parental/guardian consent for minors). * Patients affected by any retino-choroidal disease. * Healthy subjects showing no retino-choroidal pathology.
Exclusion criteria
* Patient unable and/or unwilling to cooperate. * Presence of media opacities (dioptric media) that prevent image acquisition or significantly reduce the quality of the obtained images.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in retinal thickness measured by OCT | Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. | Change in retinal thickness from baseline to each follow-up visit, measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Retinal thickness will be reported in micrometers (µm), including central macular thickness and/or retinal layer thicknesses, as applicable. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in choroidal thickness measured by OCT | Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. | Change in choroidal thickness from baseline to each follow-up visit, measured by OCT and reported in micrometers (µm). |
| Change from baseline in retinal and/or choroidal vascular density measured by OCTA | Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. | Change in vascular parameters assessed by OCT angiography, including perfusion density, vessel length density, FAZ area, and/or choriocapillaris flow deficit, reported according to the specific metric generated by the device or analysis software |
| Change from baseline in retinal sensitivity measured by microperimetry | Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. | Change in retinal sensitivity assessed by microperimetry and reported in decibels (dB). |
| Change from baseline in cone density measured by adaptive optics | Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months | Change in cone density assessed by adaptive optics imaging and reported as cones/mm² |
| Change from baseline in qualitative retinal and choroidal imaging features | Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. | Qualitative changes in retinal and choroidal morphology, reflectivity, autofluorescence patterns, and ultra-widefield retinal features, assessed by expert ophthalmologists using multimodal imaging. |