Adhesive Capsulitis
Conditions
Keywords
Adhesive Capsulitis, Frozen Shoulder, HVLA Thrust, PIR-MET, Shoulder Pain, Shoulder Mobility, Manual
Brief summary
This study compared the effects of High-Velocity Low-Amplitude (HVLA) thrust and Post-Isometric Relaxation Muscle Energy Technique (PIR-MET) on pain and shoulder mobility in patients with adhesive capsulitis. Sixty-six participants received either HVLA or PIR-MET with conventional physiotherapy for four weeks. Both treatments improved pain and range of motion, but PIR-MET showed significantly greater improvement, making it a more effective approach for managing frozen shoulder symptoms.
Detailed description
This study compared the effectiveness of High-Velocity Low-Amplitude (HVLA) thrust and Post-Isometric Relaxation Muscle Energy Technique (PIR-MET) in treating adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder). Sixty-six patients received either HVLA or PIR-MET along with conventional physiotherapy for four weeks. Both treatments improved pain and shoulder mobility, but PIR-MET showed significantly better results in reducing pain and increasing range of motion. The study concluded that PIR-MET is a more effective manual therapy technique for managing adhesive capsulitis and improving patients' functional recovery and quality of life.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALHigh Velocity Low Amplitude Thrust
A manual therapy technique involving a quick, controlled thrust applied to the glenohumeral joint at the end of the available range of motion. The goal is to improve joint play and mobility. Each session lasted approximately 10-15 minutes. The intervention was performed 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Adverse events were monitored throughout the study.
BEHAVIORALMuscle Energy Technique
An active manual therapy technique where the patient contracts the shoulder muscles against the therapist's resistance, followed by a passive stretch. Target muscles included the posterior capsule, pectoralis major, and rotator cuff as indicated. Each session lasted approximately 15-20 minutes. The intervention was performed 3 times per week for 12 weeks.
Sponsors
Green International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
This study was single-blinded. Participants were unaware of their treatment group allocation throughout the intervention period to minimize performance and response bias. Care providers and investigators administering the interventions were not blinded due to the nature of the manual therapy techniques.
Intervention model description
This study used a parallel-group randomized controlled trial design. A total of 66 participants diagnosed with Stage II or III Adhesive Capsulitis were randomly allocated into two equal groups. Group A received High-Velocity Low-Amplitude (HVLA) thrust manipulation combined with conventional physiotherapy, while Group B received Post-Isometric Relaxation Muscle Energy Technique (PIR-MET) combined with conventional physiotherapy. Both groups underwent treatment sessions for four weeks. Conventional physiotherapy included moist heat application, range-of-motion exercises, stretching, and strengthening exercises. Outcome measures included pain intensity assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and shoulder range of motion measured using a universal goniometer before and after the intervention period.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Participants diagnosed with Stage II or III Adhesive Capsulitis Age between 40 and 65 years Both male and female participants Presence of shoulder pain and restricted range of motion for at least 3 months Limitation of active and passive shoulder movements, particularly external rotation Willingness to participate and provide informed consent Ability to attend treatment sessions for four weeks
Exclusion criteria
* History of shoulder fracture, dislocation, or recent trauma Previous shoulder surgery Neurological disorders affecting shoulder function Rheumatoid arthritis or other systemic inflammatory conditions Cervical radiculopathy or referred pain from the cervical spine Rotator cuff tear or severe shoulder instability Malignancy or infection involving the shoulder joint Participants receiving other concurrent shoulder treatments Contraindications to manual therapy or physiotherapy interventions Unwillingness to participate or inability to complete the treatment protocol
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for Pain | Baseline and after 4 weeks of intervention | Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), a 10 cm scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Participants marked their perceived shoulder pain level before and after the four-week intervention period. |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed