Exercise, Falls Prevention, PARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder)
Conditions
Keywords
parkinson disease, fall prevention, Otago, Home-based, Execise
Brief summary
Falls are common in patients with Parkinson disease and may lead to reduced mobility, fear of falling, loss of independence, and injury. Exercise-based rehabilitation programs may help improve balance, gait, and physical performance in this population. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of two home-based exercise programs in patients with Parkinson disease: the Otago Exercise Program and a structured home exercise program. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. Both groups will receive exercise education and will perform their assigned home exercise program for 6 weeks. Participants will be evaluated at baseline, at week 3, and at the end of week 6. The study will assess fall-related outcomes, freezing of gait, functional mobility, gait parameters, postural control, and physical performance. The results may help determine which home-based exercise approach is more effective for reducing fall risk and improving functional outcomes in patients with Parkinson disease.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALOtago Home Exercise Program
nce exercises designed to improve lower extremity muscle strength, balance, functional mobility, and fall-related outcomes. Participants will perform the program 3 times per week for 6 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 40 minutes. The program will be reviewed and progressed at week 3.
BEHAVIORALStructured Home Exercise Program
The structured home exercise program is a home-based exercise intervention including spinal stabilization exercises and stretching and strengthening exercises targeting the ankle plantar flexor and dorsiflexor muscles, quadriceps, lumbar extensor muscles, pectoral muscles, and hamstring muscles. Participants will perform the program 3 times per week for 6 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 40 minutes. The program will be reviewed and progressed at week 3.
Sponsors
Uludag University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
rcise Program group or the structured home exercise program group. Both interventions will be delivered as home-based exercise programs for 6 weeks.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Diagnosis of Parkinson disease confirmed by a neurologist * Hoehn and Yahr stage 3 or 4 Parkinson disease * Diagnosis of Parkinson disease for at least 5 years * Willingness to participate in the study and provide written informed consent * Ability to walk independently or with minimal assistance * Mini-Mental State Examination score \>24
Exclusion criteria
* Balance or gait impairment due to causes other than Parkinson disease, such as severe orthopedic problems or another neurological disease * Red flags suggestive of Parkinson-plus syndromes, such as symmetric onset, early falls, early-onset dementia, or gaze palsy * History of serious fall-related injury or surgery within the last 6 months * Any additional health condition that would prevent participation in the exercise program during the study period
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ) | Baseline, week 3, and week 6 | Freezing of gait will be assessed using the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ). The FOGQ evaluates the severity of freezing episodes and their impact on walking performance in patients with Parkinson disease. The total score ranges from 0 to 24. Higher scores indicate more severe freezing of gait and worse walking performance. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Falls Efficacy Scale | Baseline, week 3, and week 6 | Fall-related self-efficacy and fear of falling will be assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale. The scale evaluates the participant's confidence in performing daily activities without falling. Scores range from 10 to 100, with lower scores indicating greater fear of falling and higher scores indicating lower fear of falling. |
| Timed Up and Go Test | Baseline, week 3, and week 6 | r, walk a short distance, turn, walk back, and sit down. The time required to complete the test will be recorded in seconds, with longer times indicating poorer functional mobility. |
| Functional Reach Test | Baseline, week 3, and week 6 | The Functional Reach Test will be used to assess dynamic balance and postural control. The maximum distance the participant can reach forward while standing without losing balance will be recorded in centimeters. Greater reach distance indicates better functional balance. |
| Sit-to-Stand Test | Baseline, week 3, and week 6 | The sit-to-stand task will be used to assess functional lower extremity performance and postural control during transition from sitting to standing. The time required to complete the movement will be recorded in seconds using video-based analysis. |
| Gait Initiation Time | Baseline, week 3, and week 6 | Gait initiation time will be assessed using video-based kinematic analysis. The time from the auditory cue to the initiation of the first step will be recorded in seconds. Longer times indicate impaired gait initiation. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed