Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
Conditions
Brief summary
This project aims to test whether a combined multicomponent (CM) program - including health education, cognitive training, and traditional Chinese exercises - is feasible and effective for rural older adults who are at high risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The program is designed to help maintain or improve cognitive function and overall well-being.
Detailed description
Health education sessions: One 30-minute lecture every 4 weeks, covering topics such as diet, sleep, chronic disease management, and brain health. Cognitive training: Weekly 45-minute sessions using fun mini-games to train memory, attention, arithmetic, and logical thinking. Physical exercise: Weekly 45-minute sessions of traditional Chinese exercises (Baduanjin and Shiqiaoshou) to improve balance, flexibility, and fitness.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALthe Combined Multicomponent(CM) Intervention
The CM intervention was a 24-week comprehensive program integrating health education, cognitive training, and physical exercise. The health education sessions were delivered once every four weeks, with each session lasting 30 minutes. In contrast, cognitive training and physical exercise sessions were conducted weekly, each with a duration of 45 minutes.
Sponsors
Xiaoying Wang
Xiamen University
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
The community-based study, conducted among rural adults aged 60 and above in Jinjiang City, Fujian Province, China, was initially designed as a randomized controlled trial (RCT). However, the randomization protocol could not be implemented due to variability in participants' willingness to enroll. The present study was therefore conducted as a non-randomized trial using a volunteer cohort, where non-participating older adults served as the control group. Both the intervention and control groups consisted of older adults at high risk for MCI.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥ 60; * Suffering from chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, or osteoarthritis; * Mild cognitive impairment (defined as Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 21-26 combined with either an AD8 self-rated cognitive impairment score ≥ 2 or a digit span (backward) test (DST) score \< 4); * Mild physical impairment (defined as an Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score \< 26 and a Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score of 7-10).
Exclusion criteria
* Age \<60; * Unable to move physically; * Already suffering from Alzheimer's disease.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive Function | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Cognitive function was assessed using the Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale (Folstein, Folstein, \& McHugh, 1975).The MMSE evaluates five domains: orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language abilities. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive performance. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Body Mass Index | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Height (cm) was measured using a wall-mounted height board, with the participant standing upright without shoes. Weight (kg) was measured using a electronic load cell scale, with light indoor clothing and after voiding. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters (kg/m²). |
| Waist circumference | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Waist circumference (cm) was measured using a flexible, non-elastic tape measure at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest, with the participant standing and breathing normally. The measurement is taken to the nearest 0.1 cm at the end of normal expiration. |
| Blood pressure | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Blood pressure was assessed by measuring systolic and diastolic pressures (mmHg). |
| Activities of daily living | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Activities of daily living were assessed via the Activities of daily living (ADL) scale (Ferrucci et al., 1996). It employs a scoring range of 14 to 56, with higher scores indicating poorer functional ability. |
| Physical performance | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Physical performance was assessed via the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scale (Cruz-Jentoft et al., 2010). It has a scoring range of 0 to 12, with higher scores reflecting better physical performance. |
| Participant adherence | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Participant adherence was summarized as the proportion of total participants who attended at least 50% of the intervention sessions, and separately for those who attended at least 75% of the sessions. |
| Participant satisfaction | From intervention at 36 weeks to the end of intervention at 48 weeks | Participant satisfaction was assessed using a self-developed scale, with a total score of 30 points; higher scores indicated greater satisfaction with the program. |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed